ADVENTITIOUS ROOT DEVELOPMENT FROM THE COLEOPTILAR NODE IN ZEA MAYS L.

Abstract

Department of Botany and Bacteriology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701Zea mays L. root development from the coleoptilar node was observed by light and electron microscopy. Roots developed opposite collateral vascular bundles in the coleoptilar nodal region. Three distinct histogens (stelar, cortical‐protoderm, and root cap) became evident in early development. In median sections of the young roots, root cap and cortical regions formed a “hat” configuration over the stelar region. As the root matured, this “hat” developed centripetally to encapsulate the stelar region. Central core cells of the root cap were characterized by having numerous dictyosomes, amyloplasts, vacuoles, and thin cell walls. As these cells matured into outer or peripheral cap cells, the Golgi vesicles became hypertrophied. These hypertrophied vesicles contained a granular PAS‐positive material which accumulated between the plasma membrane and the cell wall and formed a thick layer. As the PAS‐positive material passed through the cell wall, it changed to a fibrillar texture. A PAS‐positive material similar to that in the outer root cap cells was found adjacent to the outer walls of the protodermal cells. In median sections, PAS‐positive material was not present in the promeristem region. Root cap cells as well as parent cortical cells were crushed as the young root forced its way through the parent tissue.