Abstract
Presently, almost all human activities (agriculture, transport, industry, construction sector, etc.) have an adverse impact on the environment. The construction sector in the EU alone accounts for a big part of the total energy consumption and emission of CO2. Two-thirds of the energy used in the construction sector in Europe goes to housing. As the number of residents grows, the requirements for new housing increase, causing an additional increase in energy consumption and new CO2 emissions for construction, maintenance, lighting, ventilation, cooling, and heating. Benefits of detailed planning of sustainable development of the construction sector are manifold. The most important benefits are sustainable use of resources, economic and social development of communities, increasing employment rates, improvements of living conditions and protection of the environment. Two scenarios for the development of an energy-efficient construction sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina with a focus on housing facilities are developed, in order to address the needs and benefits of detailed planning. Both scenarios analyze the effects on job creation, the impact of used construction materials on the environment and eco balance of local products. The difference in the solutions confirms the benefits of an interdisciplinary approach to the planning of sustainable systems so that not only technical, but also economic and social benefits can be evaluated thanks to the combination of methods used.
Highlights
Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is a rich country in terms of human and natural resources, and it can use all benefits of development by sustainable management of these natural resources and qualified workforce, on the basis of clean technology development on the territory of the whole country
This would promote the domestic economy, create jobs and change the international perspective on BiH and its role in economy accompanied by an increase of the gross domestic product (GDP)
The dependence of the location of the consideration for the assessment of sustainability is mentioned by Reference [20] and the associated challenge that there is no single method and solution for sustainable buildings and the further development of these is constantly necessary. Following on from these findings, methods were newly combined within the framework of carried out research for the BiH site in order to achieve both a further step for the sustainable development of the construction sector based on all three pillars and to enable the basis for decisions, further development of the methods for BiH and the creation of a larger database
Summary
Twenty years after the latest war, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) still faces political, social, developmental and economic crises and hardly keeps step with the neighboring countries in terms of development. In addition to energy consumption, this includes the values for technical suitability and applicability, as well as the cost-benefit ratio and possible reuse and recycling [2] It would be a good possibility for BiH to export their own natural resources to the EU. On the other side, according to data of the Meteorological and Hydrological Service of the Federation of BiH [7], winters are longer and have a reduced number of sunny days It causes an increase in heating energy consumption. [8] Due to this, two scenarios have been developed that can help to argue for interdisciplinary strategic planning in the future in the energy efficiency sector of the civil construction in BiH Elements of sustainable design are integral to the vernacular architecture that has evolved over time using local materials and technology emerging from ambient natural and cultural environment creating optimum relationships between people and their place. [8] Due to this, two scenarios have been developed that can help to argue for interdisciplinary strategic planning in the future in the energy efficiency sector of the civil construction in BiH
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