Abstract
Since the introduction of the first biological therapies for rheumatoid arthritis – the TNF inhibitors (TNFi) etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab – other biologic agents have been developed and are now approved for use. This article summarizes the evidence for new TNFi (certolizumab and golimumab), B-cell-depleting therapy (rituximab), T-cell co-stimulation modulating therapy (abatacept) and an IL-6 receptor inhibitor (tocilizumab). A proportion of patients may not be suitable for these or may remain resistant to multiple therapies; thus, new biological agents in development will be discussed. Advances in the application of biologic therapies will be explored, including the use of biologics in early rheumatoid arthritis, towards achieving predefined targets, and the emergence of biomarkers introducing the prospect of personalized therapy.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
