Abstract
Advanced technologies are being evaluated for cooling of high heat flux components for fusion applications. One promising class of heat exchanger design uses a porous medium to effect efficient heat removal. High heat flux dissipation has been demonstrated in prototype fusion reactor components using both mechanically-pumped single-phase heat exchanger and capillary-pumped (heat pipe) designs. The state of the art of this technology has been considerably extended in recent years, and an increasing number of applications are being identified. Water-cooled porous metal heat exchangers are being developed for gyrotron cavities and depressed collectors. Absorbed heat fluxes in excess of 100 MW/m 2 have been demonstrated in prototype testing. Gas-cooled porous metal heat exchangers are being developed for plasma-facing component applications. This approach offers the advantage of no liquid discharge into the tokamak in the event of a component failure. Innovative internal cooling structures based on porous metal cooling are being used to develop helium-cooled Faraday shields and divertors. This approach has demonstrated the capability to dissipate high heat fluxes which are typical for plasma-facing components while minimizing the required helium blower power. Recent tests have demonstrated absorbed heat flux capability in excess of 40 MW/m 2 using this approach. Development is in progress for prototype Faraday shields and divertors using ITER design requirements.
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