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Abstract
Information on soil water status and dynamics is needed for agricultural management, as well as engineering and environmental investigations. Water status and dynamics in the vadose zone are primarily influenced by two fundamental properties: soil water content (SWC) and soil hydraulic properties (SHP). The application of ground penetrating radar (GPR) for monitoring and estimating these properties has received wider attention and has significantly advanced in recent years. While SWC estimation using GPR has been well-reviewed over the years, SHP estimation has not received the same attention. Notably, there has been increasing research on SHP estimation using GPR in the last decade. This paper reviews the recent studies and advances in applying GPR to study soil water dynamics and SHP estimation. We compared the progress and advantages of the three techniques (Borehole, Surface, and Off-ground), identified key issues affecting their application, and noted future research opportunities. By synthesizing these studies, this review paper aims to draw attention to evolving methodologies in GPR applications for monitoring soil water dynamics and SHP estimation as good indicators of soil hydraulic resistance and how these opportunities can be harnessed to improve soil water management.
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