Abstract
Chronic lung diseases include a variety of obstinate and fatal diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancers. Pharmacotherapy is important for the treatment of chronic lung diseases, and current progress in nanoparticles offers great potential as an advanced strategy for drug delivery. Based on their biophysical properties, nanoparticles have shown improved pharmacokinetics of therapeutics and controlled drug delivery, gaining great attention. Herein, we will review the nanoparticle-based drug delivery system for the treatment of chronic lung diseases. Various types of nanoparticles will be introduced, and recent innovative efforts to utilize the nanoparticles as novel drug carriers for the effective treatment of chronic lung diseases will also be discussed.
Highlights
Chronic lung diseases include a wide variety of persistent pulmonary disorders, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancers [1,2]
Pharmacotherapy is still important for chronic lung diseases, and the patients should be properly managed with drugs for their lifetime, or until receiving a lung transplant [11]
Systemically injected nanoparticles in vivo generally show enhanced accumulation to the pathological lesions found in tumors, hemorrhagic diseases, and inflammatory diseases [20,21,22]. These findings suggest that nanoparticles have ideal properties to be used as innovative carriers for drug delivery
Summary
Chronic lung diseases include a wide variety of persistent pulmonary disorders, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancers [1,2]. Some of these diseases are irreversible and often fatal, and no treatments have been shown to be effective for completely restoring lung functions. Nanoscale carriers for targeted drug delivery have shown promise in pharmacotherapy Based on their innate physical properties, nanoparticles can improve the pharmacokinetics of the loaded therapeutics. The biophysical properties and pulmonary delivery of nanoparticles will be described first, and current efforts to achieve targeted drug delivery to the lungs will be introduced
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