Abstract
Recent technological advances of soft functional materials and their assembly into wearable (i.e., on-skin) biosensors lead to the development of ground-breaking biomedical applications ranging from wearable health monitoring to drug delivery and to human-robot interactions. These wearable biosensors are capable of unobtrusively interfacing with the human skin and enabling long-term reliable monitoring of clinically useful biosignals associated with health and other conditions affecting well-being. Scalable assembly of diverse wearable biosensors has been realized through the elaborate combination of intrinsically stretchable materials including organic polymers or/and low-dimensional inorganic nanomaterials. In this Chapter, we review various types of wearable biosensors within the context of human health monitoring with a focus of their constituent materials, mechanics designs, and large-scale assembly strategies. In addition, we discuss the current challenges and potential future research directions at the end of this chapter.
Highlights
Wearable sensor technology has evolved from traditionally fundamental measurement technology across science, engineering, and industry, and is increasingly significant as a core method to advance human healthcare
Recent advances in soft functional materials and assembly techniques have led to the development of mechanically stretchable and flexible biosensors that can be unobtrusively integrated into the human skin in Biosensors - Current and Novel Strategies for Biosensing a manner that complies with the natural motion of the wearer [2, 3]
Sweat and sebum are representative human skin secretions that originate from the sweat glands in the dermal layer of the epidermis and in-situ detection of these secretions on the skin is critically important for health monitoring
Summary
Wearable sensor technology has evolved from traditionally fundamental measurement technology across science, engineering, and industry, and is increasingly significant as a core method to advance human healthcare. To meet the requirements allowing for preventative health monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment, various types of wearable biosensors have been developed to capture the physical and electrophysiological biosignals (e.g., temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, electrodermal activity, and body motion) or biochemical responses (e.g., biomarkers in biofluids). Many of these wearable biosensors are required to remain in contact with the human skin for a prolonged period throughout the continuous monitoring of the biosignals.
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