Abstract
Renewed international interest in muon colliders motivates the continued investigation of the impacts of beam-induced background on detector performance. This continues the effort initiated by the Muon Accelerator Program and carried out until 2017. The beam-induced background from muon decays directly impacts detector performance and must be mitigated by optimizing the overall machine design, with particular attention paid to the machine detector interface region. In order to produce beam-induced background events and to study their characteristics in coordination with the collider optimization, a flexible simulation approach is needed. To achieve this goal we have chosen to utilize the combination of LineBuilder and Monte Carlo FLUKA codes. We report the results of beam-induced background studies with these tools obtained for a 1.5 TeV center of mass energy collider configuration. Good agreement with previous simulations using the MARS15 code demonstrates that our choice of tools meet the accuracy and performance requirements to perform future optimization studies on muon collider designs.
Highlights
: Renewed international interest in muon colliders motivates the continued investigation of the impacts of beam-induced background on detector performance
A first comparison of possible measurements with respect to other future colliders can be found in Ref. [10], which focuses on a machine with a 10 TeV center of mass (CM) energy, an energy where new physics could be tested beyond the limits of any other future collider
The sketch at the bottom displays the element names and materials. These three graphs together demonstrate that, noting that the primary beam arrives from the right, the first interactions occur mainly in the right part of the nozzle that, together with the right tip, acts as an absorber and collimator, and on the opposite nozzle tip, that operates as a target, from which ∼ 30% of Beam–Induced Background” (BIB) exits the machine
Summary
BIB can have detrimental impacts on several elements of the accelerator complex, as discussed in Ref. [17]. It affects the detector performance due to the significant flux of muon decay products, with a broad energy spectrum, that are generated throughout the ring. In the absence of adequate shielding, the tracking system, which is the detector portion closest to the interaction point (IP), would suffer high occupancy due to the charged secondary and tertiary muon decay products. The nozzles are double–cone– shaped tungsten absorbers, located inside the detector in the immediate vicinity of the IP. These absorbers reduce the BIB in the detector by orders of magnitude [14, 17], resulting in a detector performance in line with other future collider experiments. The dimensions and shape of the shields have been optimised taking into account that additional mitigation strategies are possible at the level of detector and IR design [14, 21]
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