Abstract
Adsorption of the polyelectrolyte polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) onto nanosilica (SiO2) fabricated from rice husk was studied in this work. Nanosilica was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption of PDADMAC onto SiO2 increased with increasing pH because the negative charge of SiO2 is higher at high pH. Adsorption isotherms of PDADMAC onto silica at different KCl concentrations were fitted well by a two-step adsorption model. Adsorption mechanisms of PDADMAC onto SiO2 are discussed on the basis of surface charge change, evaluation by ζ potential, surface modification by FTIR measurements, and the adsorption isotherm. The application of PDADMAC adsorption onto SiO2 to remove amoxicillin antibiotic (AMX) was also studied. Experimental conditions such as contact time, pH, and adsorbent dosage for removal of AMX using SiO2 modified with PDADMAC were systematically optimized and found to be 180 min, pH 10, and 10 mg/mL, respectively. The removal efficiency of AMX using PDADMAC-modified SiO2 increased significantly from 19.1% to 92.3% under optimum adsorptive conditions. We indicate that PDADMAC-modified SiO2 rice husk is a novel adsorbent for removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution.
Highlights
Removing organic pollutants is of great importance in environmental remediation, because numerous organic wastes are toxic
We investigated adsorption of the polyelectrolyte polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) onto nanosilica (SiO2 )
Nanosilica that was successfully fabricated from rice husk was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Summary
Removing organic pollutants is of great importance in environmental remediation, because numerous organic wastes are toxic. Techniques based on biological processes, chemical processes, physical processes, or a combination of these can be used to remove organic pollutants [1,2,3,4]. Processes that have been used to remove pollutants from wastewater include membrane process, ozonation [5], Fenton oxidation, chlorination, photocatalytic degradation using UV–vis radiation [6,7,8], and adsorption [9,10,11,12,13]. Osmosis-membrane distillation has been used to recover water from oily wastewater, while various adsorbents have been selected to purify water. Some novel adsorbents are biochar [14], vegetable
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