Abstract
This study was aimed at the adsorption of Brilliant Green (BG) on hydrolyzed rice straw biochar, which was obtained from a lignocellulosic bioethanol process. Rice straw biochar (RBC) possessed surface properties such as a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 232.31 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.30 cm3/g, and an average pore width of 5.22 nm. Adsorption studies were carried out to investigate the effect of experimental factors such as pH (2–10), biochar dose (0.05–1.25 g/L), contact time (30–480 min), and temperature (30 to −50°C) on the adsorption of BG. The Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.998) fitted well to the adsorption data for initial dye concentrations of 20–500 mg/L, implying that BG adsorption occurred in the form of a monolayer on RBC. Adsorption kinetics was well fitted by the pseudo‐second order kinetic model (R2 ≥ 0.988) for all tested dye concentrations. The thermodynamic study revealed that BG adsorption on RBC was spontaneous, favorable, and a physical process. The maximum adsorption capacity of RBC was found to be 111.11 mg/g. These results showed that RBC, prepared from the waste of the bioethanol process, can be effectively used as a promising cheap adsorbent to remove dyes from aqueous solution. This approach of product diversification (bioethanol along with biochar) may lead to a cost effective and cleaner production of bioethanol.
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