Abstract

Titanium dioxide is one of the most frequently studied metal oxides, and its (110) rutile surface serves as a prototypical model for the surface science of such materials. Recent studies have also shown that the (011) surface is relatively easy for preparation in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and that both the (110) and (011) surfaces could be precisely characterized using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The supramolecular self-assembly of organic molecules on the surfaces of titanium dioxide plays an important role in nanofabrication, and it can control the formation and properties of nanostructures, leading to wide range of applications covering the fields of catalysis, coatings and fabrication of sensors and extends to the optoelectronic industry and medical usage. Although the majority of experiments and theoretical calculations are focused on the adsorption of relatively small organic species, in recent years, there has been increasing interest in the properties of larger molecules that have several aromatic rings in which functional units could also be observed. The purpose of this review is to summarize the achievements in the study of single polycyclic molecules and thin layers adsorbed onto the surfaces of single crystalline titanium dioxide over the past decade.

Highlights

  • In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the adsorption of organic molecules on crystalline substrates

  • (scanning tunneling microscopy) imaging, only empty states could be stably recorded, and the bright contrast that corresponds to the elevated altitude of the STM tip is recorded over 5-fold coordinated titanium atom rows that are situated in the surface trenches, contrary to the geometrical structure in which the bridging oxygen atoms are exposed from the surface plane

  • We have summarized the major achievements from the last decade in the science of organic molecules self-assembled on single crystalline titanium dioxide

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Summary

Introduction

There has been increasing interest in the adsorption of organic molecules on crystalline substrates This interest is driven by both the fundamental aspiration to investigate the elementary processes involved in the adsorption, diffusion and self-assembly of these molecules and by the considerable diversity of their practical applications. The nanostructuration of ordered frameworks induced by both self-assembly processes and lateral manipulation by scanning probe microscopy attracts considerable attention. We will focus on the adsorption and self-assembly of relatively large organic polycyclic molecules on vacuum-prepared single-crystalline TiO2 surfaces and the developments achieved over the last decade. Before describing the details on the adsorption and self-assembly of large polycyclic molecules, we shall begin with a brief introduction of the most frequently studied TiO2 surfaces, their geometrical structures and electronic properties

TiO2 Surfaces as Templates for the Adsorption of Organic Molecules
Planar Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons
Polyaromatic Derivatives with Functionalized Groups
Phthalocyanines
Other Large Non-Planar Molecules
Conclusions
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