Adoption of financial literacy: Systematic literature review and proposal of a theoretical model

This study aims to investigate factors that contribute to teacher's behavioral intention to use online communities. To answer the research questions, the survey instrument--The Teacher's Behavioral Intention to Use the Online Community Questionnaire is designed and performed on simple random samples. The collected data is analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results of this study show that all the research hypotheses are supported by regression analysis except for the relationship between Self-efficacy and Attitude; Collective efficacy and Behavioral Intention; Subjective Norm and Behavioral Intention, respectively. Finally, this study raises implications and provides suggestions.

1.IntroductionThe purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, to examine the relationship between consumers' behavioral dimensions using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) of Ajzen (1991) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) of Davis (1989) and Davis et al. (1989), and how these affect the intended usage of mobile apps. Secondly, it is also aimed to contrast the differences between UK and Malaysian mobile users largely from the approach of hedonism (e.g. social networking, games and music) and utilitarianism (e.g. navigation and news). The reasons for putting the TPB and TAM together is that both offer hitherto unexplored insights into the complexities of behavior intention in a (mobile phone) context where hedonism and utilitarianism prevail. Researchers have found that, just like many other types of information systems, technological factors such as technology advancement and availability do not automatically lead to actual use (Bruner and Kumar, 2000). Rather, cognitive constructs related to technology acceptance and adoption has been found to be better predictors of mobile technology and application use (Constantiou et al., 2007). Therefore, relatively few studies have extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to study the mobile environment (Chen et al., 2012). As Ajzen (1991) advocates, it is only at the level of specific beliefs, rather than a generic operationalization across applications, that we can learn about the unique factors that induce one person to engage in the behavior of interest. Specifically, the current study aims to explore the following research question: To what extent are consumers of both the UK and Malaysia behaving differently towards the intention of using mobile apps?As for choosing a UK and Malaysian comparison, according to Hofstede (2016), whilst both countries display similar scores for Indulgence (hedonism) they differ widely on their scores for Individualism. Malaysia is a collectivist society showing a greater commitment to the group whilst the UK has one of the highest individualist scores in the world, and so UK consumers are comfortable to be in an ambiguous situation. This is very important in the propensity to use apps as although both are equally influenced by internal and external influences (e.g. the constructs of the TPB) in their purchase intent and use of apps, the two societies should show a marked difference in the effect of these influences. This research explores this dimension. However, this study does not intend to examine the two countries solely and exclusively from the cross-cultural dimensions, but focuses more on the application of TPB and TAM in relation to the usage of mobile apps.In Malaysia, 26% of phone users are smartphone users (Malaysian Wireless, 2012). Smartphone penetration in the Malaysian mobile market currently stands at approximately 35.8% (Malaysian Wireless, 2013). On the other hand, the UK smart phone audience currently stands at 31.7 million users (60.4%). (UK Mobile Insights Report 2013). However, Malaysians lead the world in terms of mobile internet usage at 35% users using mobile phone as an internet device exclusively (Lim, 2015).2.Theoretical Underpinning and Hypothesis DevelopmentThis study examined the integration of TPB and TAM in relation to mobile apps and the behavioral intention of mobile users. Based on the relevant literature, we highlight the key past studies (see Table 1) followed by developing the respective testable hypotheses.3.TPB and Mobile ApplicationsThe TPB was derived from the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). The difference is that the TPB incorporated the additional dimension of perceived behavioral control (King & Dennis, 2003). The TPB focuses on the following factors. It postulates that individual behavior is determined by behavioral intention, which is in turn driven by attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Attitude reflects the total set of accessible behavioral beliefs. …

PurposeThis research leverages an integrated framework that uses the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to analyse the main drivers of users' intention to use food delivery apps. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the consumer's willingness to adopt online food delivery (OFD) using the models' constructs and extend them to consider food choices, convenience, trust and the effect of the perceived risks related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as contextual factors.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts the partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to examine the data. The final sample consists of 425 people in Italy.FindingsThe authors have found that combining the TAM and the TPB provides a valid and significant model that can be used to understand OFD users' behavioural intentions. Moreover, the results show that subjective norms have a stronger effect on behavioural intentions than the personal attitude and that trustworthiness and the perception of risks related to COVID-19 have different effects. Accordingly, the authors derive several theoretical and managerial implications from these results.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the current debate on consumer behaviour in the OFD context. Only a few studies have integrated the TAM and TPB models in this context. This paper sheds light on the factors useful in predicting people's choice to buy food via OFD. Furthermore, it highlights the key role of some contextual factors and subjective norms over more technical ones.

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to determine the impact that the crucial determinants have on the behavioural intention (BI) of undergraduates to adopt Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), addressing two perspectives that are students' technical experience and psychosocial factors.Design/methodology/approachThis is a questionnaire study, and all the respondents are undergraduates in Barcelona, Spain. A total of 188 students are selected as survey subjects. Data collection applies the five-point Likert scale, and the collected information refers to demographic information and constructs related to the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and partial least square (PLS) are used to examine the measurement model's convergent and discriminant validity and test the hypotheses implementing the bootstrapping method.FindingsThe results show perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) are influential in forming an attitude (ATT), and PU could directly impact BI significantly. Additionally, the mediating role of ATT in the relationships amongst PU, PEOU and BI are investigated. Besides, perceived behavioural control (PBC) is found a critical variable and significantly impacts BI, whereas subjective norms (SN) is not found statistically significant in explaining BI in this study.Originality/valueThis study has confirmed that ATT has a positive mediation effect on PU, PEOU and BI. This study has also confirmed the validity and model fit of the incorporated model of TAM and TPB, which sufficiently accounts for the planned behavioural process of undergraduates to accept a MOOC and contributes to validating literature of the incorporated model of TAM and TPB. Besides, this study provides MOOCs managers with practical suggestions. First, ease-of-use interfaces should be designed and intensified. Second, more channels should be explored to satisfy students' needs. Third, managers should intensify the leverage of the systems and introduce the free trial period to new learners. Fourth, a bonus mechanism could be adopted to motivate students. Last, manager should intensify the construction of oral advertisements amongst students.

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a decision-making framework by investigating the impact of perceived risk and computer self-efficacy on the intention to use online stock trading. Furthermore, it demonstrates the mediation effect of attitude and perceived risk as well as the moderating effect of financial literacy.Design/methodology/approachAn integration of two popular models, technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of planned behaviour (TPB), is used to provide a sound theoretical base and enhance the understanding of investors’ behaviour towards online trading platforms. The proposed hypothesised model was examined using structural equation modelling.FindingsThe results obtained from this study indicate that all variables, except subjective norms, had a significant impact on investors’ intention to trade online. Perceived risk was found to be a partial mediator between computer self-efficacy and the intention of investors. Finally, financial literacy was also found as a significant moderator for online trading intention of investors.Practical implicationsThis study shows the significance of using the TAM and TPB together to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence an investor’s behaviour in adopting and using technology for online trading. The hybrid approach of TAM and TPB could be considered for a more nuanced and complete understanding of technology adoption and usage in risky affairs like investment decisions. Again, the significant moderating role of financial literacy provides a lance to look into the scope for improvements in investment decision-makings.Originality/valueThe paper develops an assessment framework for analysing the variables based on the hybrid approach for online trading intention in the context of a developing country.

BackgroundDigital payment systems are pivotal in the digital economy, relying on the interplay between internet technology and e-vendors. While the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) have been extensively used to explain technology adoption, the role of trust in financial technology adoption remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by developing an extended Trust-TAM-TPB model, providing a comprehensive framework to analyze digital payment adoption in emerging markets.MethodsA quantitative approach was adopted, analyzing survey data from 509 respondents using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The extended model examines both technological factors (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) and trust-related factors (trust’s influence on behavioral intention via subjective norms, attitude, and perceived behavioral control).ResultsFindings confirm that trust is a significant determinant of digital payment adoption, influencing both perceived usefulness and subjective norms. However, a negative relationship was found between perceived usefulness (PU) and attitude (ATT), suggesting that while users recognize the benefits of digital payments, their attitudes may still be shaped by traditional cash-based habits and security concerns. These insights challenge traditional TAM assumptions and emphasize the importance of trust in driving adoption.ConclusionsThis study contributes to technology acceptance literature by integrating trust into the TAM-TPB framework and highlighting its dual role in shaping both perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. Practically, the findings suggest that policymakers and financial institutions should prioritize trust-building strategies, including fraud prevention measures, financial literacy programs, and transparent transaction policies, to accelerate digital payment adoption in developing economies. These insights are particularly relevant for Vietnam’s Northern mountainous regions, where digital payment penetration remains low.

Digital payment systems are pivotal in the digital economy, relying on the interplay between internet technology and e-vendors. While the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) have been extensively used to explain technology adoption, the role of trust in financial technology adoption remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by developing an extended Trust-TAM-TPB model, providing a comprehensive framework to analyze digital payment adoption in emerging markets. A quantitative approach was adopted, analyzing survey data from 509 respondents using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The extended model examines both technological factors (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) and trust-related factors (trust's influence on behavioral intention via subjective norms, attitude, and perceived behavioral control). Findings confirm that trust is a significant determinant of digital payment adoption, influencing both perceived usefulness and subjective norms. However, a negative relationship was found between perceived usefulness (PU) and attitude (ATT), suggesting that while users recognize the benefits of digital payments, their attitudes may still be shaped by traditional cash-based habits and security concerns. These insights challenge traditional TAM assumptions and emphasize the importance of trust in driving adoption. This study contributes to technology acceptance literature by integrating trust into the TAM-TPB framework and highlighting its dual role in shaping both perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. Practically, the findings suggest that policymakers and financial institutions should prioritize trust-building strategies, including fraud prevention measures, financial literacy programs, and transparent transaction policies, to accelerate digital payment adoption in developing economies. These insights are particularly relevant for Vietnam's Northern mountainous regions, where digital payment penetration remains low.

Digital payment systems are pivotal in the digital economy, relying on the interplay between internet technology and e-vendors. While the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) have been extensively used to explain technology adoption, the role of trust in financial technology adoption remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by developing an extended Trust-TAM-TPB model, providing a comprehensive framework to analyze digital payment adoption in emerging markets. A quantitative approach was adopted, analyzing survey data from 509 respondents using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The extended model examines both technological factors (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) and trust-related factors (trust's influence on behavioral intention via subjective norms, attitude, and perceived behavioral control). Findings confirm that trust is a significant determinant of digital payment adoption, influencing both perceived usefulness and subjective norms. However, a negative relationship was found between perceived usefulness (PU) and attitude (ATT), suggesting that while users recognize the benefits of digital payments, their attitudes may still be shaped by traditional cash-based habits and security concerns. These insights challenge traditional TAM assumptions and emphasize the importance of trust in driving adoption. This study contributes to technology acceptance literature by integrating trust into the TAM-TPB framework and highlighting its dual role in shaping both perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. Practically, the findings suggest that policymakers and financial institutions should prioritize trust-building strategies, including fraud prevention measures, financial literacy programs, and transparent transaction policies, to accelerate digital payment adoption in developing economies. These insights are particularly relevant for Vietnam's Northern mountainous regions, where digital payment penetration remains low.

INTRODUCTION In the literature, there are several theories and models proposed for technology acceptance. In general, there are two streams of those theories and models; one is with assumption of rational decision and utility maximization and another one is irrational decision due to social pressure and imitation behaviors. Some theories and models integrate elements from both streams. On the other hand, the theories and models can also be classified into the firm level and individual level, which were proposed to examine technology acceptance of organizations and of individuals, respectively. Technological-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) framework is a widely used model for examining technology acceptance at the firm level. This model is comprehensive, consisting factors related to three aspects--technological, organizational, and environmental. Although there are several technology acceptance models and theories for technology acceptance at the individual level, those models are not comprehensive as TOE. However, TOE in nature was designed for technology acceptance at the firm level. Therefore, this paper aims to propose overarching model, which on one hand inherits the comprehensiveness of TOE and on the other hand is adapted for technology acceptance at the individual level. In the following sections, we first review the related theories and models of technology acceptance, followed by the newly proposed model with detailed discussions on the potential variables in the model. Then a discussion is presented. LITERATURE REVIEW Technology Acceptance Theories In the literature, there are several technology acceptance theories. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), proposed by Fishbein and Ajzen (1975), posits that behavioral intentions are determined by individual's attitude toward the behavior and subjective norms. TRA has two extensions--Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). TPB, proposed by Ajzen (1991), posits that behavioral intentions are influenced by individual's attitude toward the behavior, the subjective norms, and the individual's perception of behavioral control. TAM is adaptation of TRA in the information systems (IS) field. The model posits that technology acceptance is influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and subjective norm (Davis, 1989). In Roger's (1962) and Moore and Benbasat's (1991) Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), relative advantage, ease of use, and image are postulated to influence individual technology acceptance. Technology Readiness Index (TRI), proposed by Parasuraman (2000), posits that individual's technology acceptance is an interplay between drivers (optimism, innovativeness) and inhibitors (discomfort, insecurity) of technology readiness (p.317). However, only personal factors, rather than any social factors, are considered in this model. All of these models can be categorized as rational choice models, which emphasize self-interest, conscious decision making, and economic optimization. They assume that technology acceptance processes are choice procedures which are systematically conducted and follow a rational path based upon perfect information (Abrahamson, 1991). However, House and Singh (1987) argued that assumptions of rational choice of decision making are frequently violated in practice (p.702), and that of the empirical work on decision making suggests that decisions are made in much less rational ways than specified by rational choice theory (p.707). Furthermore, in the real world it is impossible to obtain perfect information, thus bringing forth uncertainty and jeopardizing the anticipation of the decision consequences. Social Factors Although most of the models discussed heretofore consider various social factors, they are generally fragmented and there is a lack of specific focus on such issue (McCarthy et al. …

Factors affecting the behavioral intention of tourists on the use of bike sharing in tourism areas

With the rapid advancement of extended reality (XR) technologies, particularly virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), metaverse tourism has emerged as an innovative approach to addressing overtourism by offering immersive virtual experiences. This study empirically investigates how metaverse tourism influences tourists’ behavioral intentions, specifically exploring its potential to mitigate overtourism by shaping travel-related decision-making. By integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the study examines how perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PE) affect tourists’ attitudes (AT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PB), and ultimately their behavioral intentions (BI) to adopt metaverse tourism. Data were collected from 356 tourists who had visited popular Chinese destinations and experienced metaverse tourism. The results reveal that both PU and PE significantly influence AT, SN, and PB, with PE exerting a stronger direct impact on BI than PU. Additionally, the moderating effects of education and income levels highlight demographic variations in technology adoption behavior. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of metaverse tourism’s role in sustainable tourism management and provides practical insights for leveraging virtual tourism technologies to optimize visitor distribution and alleviate overtourism in high-density tourist destinations.

Consumers’ intentions to use ridesharing services in Iran

Purpose – The current study aims to investigate college students' behavioral intentions to adopt e-textbooks for their studies according to well-known theoretical intention-based models. Design/methodology/approach – This paper empirically assesses five theoretical models of technology acceptance, including the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the technology acceptance model (TAM), the decomposed TPB model (DTPB), the combined model of TAM and TPB (C-TAM-TPB), and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The survey methodology and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to examine and compare these five models. Moreover, explanatory power, goodness-of-fit indices, and model parsimony were taken into consideration in the model comparisons. Findings – Both TPB and TAM provided less effective but adequate predictive behavioral power. However, TPB appeared to be more parsimonious than TAM and the other models. By focusing on specific beliefs of attitude, social and control influences, DTPB shares many of the same advantages as TPB and TAM, but is less parsimonious. Similarly, C-TAM-TPB, an augmented version of TAM that incorporates social influences and behavioral control, is superior to TPB and TAM in terms of its explanatory power of behavioral intention to use e-textbooks. Overall, however, the results indicated that UTAUT appeared to be the best model in terms of the metrics of parsimonious fit and explanatory power. Originality/value – Theoretical comparison of different models is important. This is believed to be the first study to present model comparisons by investigating undergraduates' intention to adopt e-textbooks as tools for their on-campus learning in Taiwan.

This study examines the determinants of corporate tax compliance in Thailand, partic-ularly in the context of increasing digitalization. While prior studies have separately addressed technology acceptance and behavioral intention, few have integrated these domains to explain voluntary tax compliance. This research employs a hybrid model that combines the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Theory of Planned Be-havior (TPB), and taxpayer responsibility theory. Using data from 500 corporate ac-countants, we employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA), and Importance–Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to analyze the data. The results demonstrate that perceived ease of use, subjec-tive norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly influence tax intention, which in turn affects compliance behavior. Furthermore, attitudes toward technology and perceived usefulness indirectly support compliance, while taxpayer responsibility ex-hibits a strong direct effect. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of compliance behavior and offer practical insights for enhancing technology-enabled tax systems in emerging markets. This study examines the determinants of corporate tax compliance in Thailand, partic-ularly in the context of increasing digitalization. While prior studies have separately addressed technology acceptance and behavioral intention, few have integrated these domains to explain voluntary tax compliance. This research employs a hybrid model that combines the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Theory of Planned Be-havior (TPB), and taxpayer responsibility theory. Using data from 500 corporate ac-countants, we employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA), and Importance–Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to analyze the data. The results demonstrate that perceived ease of use, subjec-tive norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly influence tax intention, which in turn affects compliance behavior. Furthermore, attitudes toward technology and perceived usefulness indirectly support compliance, while taxpayer responsibility ex-hibits a strong direct effect. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of compliance behavior and offer practical insights for enhancing technology-enabled tax systems in emerging markets.

This study aims to analyze the influence of variables within the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on behavioral intention and actual use of Onshore Power Supply (OPS) in Java Island ports, Indonesia. The study employs a quantitative approach with seven constructs: Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Risk, Subjective Norm, Attitude Toward Using OPS, Behavioral Intention to Use OPS, and Actual System Use of OPS. The novelty of this research lies in the application of a combined TAM and TPB model to analyze OPS adoption in ports as a strategic step to support environmental sustainability and operational efficiency. Data collection involved a Likert-scale (1-5) questionnaire distributed to 240 OPS users across various ports on Java Island and interviewed with 10 informants from both operators and users. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach with PLS version 4.0.9.6. The results of testing 14 hypotheses show that all variables have a positive and significant influence on behavioral intention and actual use of OPS, with Subjective Norm being the most significant contributor to Attitude Toward Using OPS (coefficient value of 0.378). The study also revealed that the lowest-rated indicators were related to the perceived ease of approval processes for OPS construction (Perceived Ease of Use), user comfort (Perceived Usefulness), and perceived risks of equipment damage (Perceived Risk). To address these issues, strategic steps such as digitizing licensing processes, automating OPS systems, and implementing international safety standards are recommended. The proposed policy implications involve the government providing incentives for environmentally friendly technologies and enabling regulations to strengthen the adoption of OPS in national ports. This research significantly contributes to the development of policies and operational strategies that support the transition of ports in Indonesia toward more sustainable and environmentally efficient practices.