Abstract
Acute abdominal pain is a frequent complaint in children attending emergency departments. The aim of this study was to investigate the pain score reductions when children with acute abdominal pain received medication sublingually. We carried out a multicentre randomised controlled trial in three children's hospitals in Italy between March 2015 and June 2017. Children from four to 18years of age with acute abdominal pain were recruited if their self-reported pain was at least six on a scale from 0-10. The children were randomised to receive ketorolac 0.5mg/kg (n=70) or tramadol 2mg/kg (n=70) sublingually or a melt in the mouth powder of 20mg/kg paracetamol (n=70). The main study outcome was the pain scores for the three drugs after two hours. The 210 children (58.6% girls) had a median age of 12years with an interquartile range of 9-14.3. The median pain scores at two hours were not significantly different between ketorolac 2.0 (interquartile ranges, IQR 0.0-4.3) and tramadol 3.0 (IQR 1.0-5.0) vs paracetamol 3.0 (IQR 0.8-5.0). The median pain reductions were all 5.0 points. Delivering analgesia sublingually was a suitable option for pain relief in children with acute abdominal pain in the emergency department.
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