Abstract
Standardised test manoeuvres are used to identify the manoeuvrability of a vessel. Currently, most of these tests are unsatisfactory to properly judge the manoeuvring capabilities of an inland vessel which sails in different environments than the seagoing ships for which these tests were initially designed. Moreover, inland vessels tend to have non-conventional propulsion systems and configurations which further decreases the adequacy of these standardised tests. Therefore, this study investigates the inland-applicability of these existing standardised test manoeuvres. In addition, this study suggests three new manoeuvres: (i) the Counter Thrust Test, (ii) the Sine Angle Test, and (iii) the Simultaneous Zigzag Test. In order to validate the suitability of these tests, an autonomous inland cargo vessel performed two of these suggested manoeuvres, (i) and (ii), and one existing manoeuvre, named the Crabbing test. The data of these experiments show fruitful insights in the wide range of manoeuvring capabilities of the examined inland vessel, which the standardised tests would not have uncovered.
Highlights
The existing standardised test manoeuvres aim to reveal the capability of a vessel to perform certain manoeuvres
This section shows three of the aforementioned manoeuvres for inland vessels which were performed with the Cogge on a lake in Rotselaar (Belgium)
Due to the scarcity of such manoeuvres, this study suggested three additional manoeuvres: (i) the Counter Thrust Test which can judge the turning capabilities of the vessel in spatially restricted areas, (ii) the Sine Angle Test which can uncover a wide range of achievable turning rates, and (iii) the Simultaneous Zigzag Test which can utilise the full capability of the vessel to perform a regular zigzag test
Summary
The existing standardised test manoeuvres aim to reveal the capability of a vessel to perform certain manoeuvres. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) issued the most-known manoeuvrability standards which include checking the manoeuvring performance of a vessel in terms of its inherent dynamic stability, course keeping ability, initial turning and course changing ability, yaw checking ability, turning ability, and stopping ability [1]. Note, that these IMO standards should be applied to “ships of all rudder and propulsion types, of 100m in length and over, and chemical tankers and gas carriers regardless of the length [1]”. The most widely accepted tests for full scale trials consist of the Turning Circle Test, the 10/10 and 20/20 Zigzag Manoeuvre Test, and the Stopping Test
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