Abstract
It is likely that oxygen shortage in waterlogged soils is the most limiting factor for plant growth, restricting root aerobic respiration and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production (Vartapetian and Jackson 1997). When oxygen becomes limiting for oxidative phosphorylation, plant cells depend on alternative metabolic pathways to produce ATP (Rocha et al. 2010). The induction of fermentative metabolism is considered of adaptive value to maintain ATP production under oxygen-limited conditions. Ethanol is the main end product of fermentative metabolism in plants. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is a key enzyme in ethanolic fermentation. Roots can sustain aerobic respiration under oxygen deficiency if aerenchyma is present. Aerenchyma commonly refers to tissue containing airfilled spaces that provide oxygen under oxygen-limited conditions (Colmer and Voesenek 2009). The main objective of the present study was to determine morphophysiological adaptive responses of 7 Brachiaria genotypes to hypoxia stress.
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