Adaptability and stability analysis of new popcorn simple hybrids evaluated using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction Bayesian approaches

Suzana Tiemi Ivamoto,Camila Rodrigues Castro,Ronald José Barth Pinto,Douglas Mariani Zeffa,Carlos Alberto Scapim,Solenir Ruffato,Gustavo Henrique Freiria,Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.20200467

Suzana Tiemi Ivamoto, Camila Rodrigues Castro

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20200467

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Abstract

The development of new popcorn cultivars that include wide adaptation, high stability and superior performance characteristics is one of the main alternatives to mitigate the effects of the genotype × environment interaction. In this sense, our main goal was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of new popcorn hybrids using Bayesian additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (BAMMI) method for grain yield (GY) and popping expansion capacity (PE) traits. We evaluated GY and PE from 45 new popcorn hybrids and three commercial cultivars (IAC–125, Pop Top and Top Ten) as checks in six different environments. Genotype × environment interaction, correlation and stability analyses were performed using Bayesian approaches. The full models tested presented the lowest deviance information criterion (DIC) values when compared to null models, indicating the presence of the genotype × environment interaction for both evaluated agronomic traits. Negative correlations were observed between GY and PE (r = –0.24, 95% highest posterior density [HPD] = –0.31; –0.17) and confirm the difficulty to perform selection simultaneously for both characteristics. UEM–3 and UEM–7 hybrids showed wide stability and high a posteriori averages for GY and PE. Both cultivars can be registered and recommended for cultivation in popcorn producing regions.

Highlights

Popcorn (Zea mays var. everta) is a food snack widely appreciated in Brazilian market in different social classes
The full models tested presented the lowest deviance information criterion (DIC) values when compared to null models, indicating the presence of the genotype × environment interaction for both evaluated agronomic traits
Negative correlations were observed between grain yield (GY) and popping expansion capacity (PE) (r = –0.24, 95% highest posterior density [HPD] = –0.31; –0.17) and confirm the difficulty to perform selection simultaneously for both characteristics

Summary

Introduction

Popcorn (Zea mays var. everta) is a food snack widely appreciated in Brazilian market in different social classes. There is a production growth projection of 48% in 2024 (Pereira Filho and Borghi 2019). In this context, the development and release of new popcorn cultivars is essential to avoid the dependence of foreign genotypes, to be able to attend producers and consumers demand as well to avoid the genetic vulnerability (Guimarães et al 2018). Before release new cultivars in the market, plant breeders need to perform experiments and investigate cultivars performance under different environmental conditions. Stability and performance analysis of genotypes in facing different environmental conditions (Resende et al 2019). Several statistical methods to study adaptability and stability have been developed and widely used in plant breeding programs (Annicchiarico 2002; Fasahat et al 2015). Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis (AMMI) method stands out for its power to explain genotype × environment interaction, since it has greater capacity to capture the sum of the genotype × environment interaction squares compared to other methods (Gauch Junior 2013)

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