Abstract
The aim of this study was designed to evaluate the activity of the Kigelia Pinnata ethanolic leaf extract on the serum lipid profile of male albino Wistar rats exposed to a fat diet. Kigelia Pinnata leaves were obtained, air dried, powdered and extracted in a Soxhlet apparatusin 400ml ethanol solution. Hypolipidaemic activity studies on rat models fed with palm oil and coconut milk was conducted. The acute toxicity test of the extract was carried out by the lorke's method. Results showed that Kigelia Pinnata ethanolic leaf extract significantly lowered (P<0.05) plasma Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol (TG) and significantly (P<0.05) increased plasma High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-Cholesterol. Toxicity studies suggested that, the extract was safe at the doze 2000mg/kg. Overall findings from this study showed that the ethanolic extract exhibited hypolipidaemic activity and may possess cardio-protective properties.
Highlights
The Universal role of ethnobotanicals in ameliorating disease conditions, providing useful folk healthcare delivery is exemplified by their relevance in several areas of health care systems
The result of the acute toxicity test of Kigelia pinnata leaf extracts indicate that, the extract did not produce any noticeable toxicity in the test models up to dose level of 3000mg/kg body weight even after 48-Hours, but produced toxic symptoms of restlessness, lost of appetite and mortalityat the dose level of 4000mg/kg body weight and dose level 5000g/kg body weight
The result of this study suggest, Kigelia pinnata leaf extract may be cardio-protective as it raises serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-C levels and decrease serum total cholesterol, triacylglcerols and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-C levels
Summary
The Universal role of ethnobotanicals in ameliorating disease conditions, providing useful folk healthcare delivery is exemplified by their relevance in several areas of health care systems. Pharmacognosy, the scientific study of medicinal plants, remains the hub of pharmacopoeial identification, modern pharmacological isolation and testing procedures that provide new plant drugs as purified substances in medicine (Shellard et al, 1980). The plant is used in the treatment of stroke, hypertension, diabetes, Malaria, Dysentery, skin disease, epilepsy, gynecological problems, inflammatory disorders, worm infestations, respiratory distress and ulcerative conditions (Houghton, 2007). Pharmacological investigations on the bark, roots, fruit and leaves extract of the plant showed that Kigelia pinnata has profound antileprotic activity (Lal and Yadar, 1983), microbial growth inhibition (Akunyili et al, 1991), anti-neoplastic potentials (Msouth et al, 1983), gyneacological healing properties (Dada, et al 2010), central nervous system activity (Shalini et al, 2014) and antidiabetic effects (Patel, et al, 2012)
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