Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is the second most common leukemia in children. The diagnosis of AML requires the presence of blasts (>30%) in the bone marrow in most cases. The intensification of conventional chemotherapy along with improvements in supportive care has improved the prognosis in childhood AML. Instead, advances in the treatment of children with AML will require a greater understanding of the biology of the disease, with particular attention to the genetic abnormalities underlying leukemogenesis and drug resistance. In this review, we summarize recent studies that provide new insight into the genetics and biology of AML, discuss risk stratification and therapy for this disease, and profile some of the therapeutic agents currently under investigation.
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