Acute exposure of glyphosate-based herbicide induced damages on common carp organs via heat shock proteins-related immune response and oxidative stress

Abstract

A subacute toxicity test of 52.077 and 104.154 mg/L glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) on common carp for 7 days was conducted. The results of qPCR reveled that GBH treatment generally promoted the HSP70, HSC70, and HSP90 levels in fish liver, kidney, spleen, and intestine, suggesting that the induction of HSPs might be associated with the toxicity of GBH. Further research revealed that GBH exposure remarkably promoted the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α at mRNA level and altered the mRNA and protein levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, and generally inhibited T-AOC activity, but increased the MDA level, suggesting that GBH has immunotoxicity and causes oxidative stress on common carp.