Abstract
Olea europea.L(olive tree) is a plant widely used in the world. Its leaves have an extensive use in traditional herbal medicine to prevent and/or treat several diseases especially in Mediterranean regions. Despite this, research into the study of its toxicity is very limited in the literature. For this, this study aims to study the acute and subacute toxicity of methanolic extract olive leaves in Wistar rats. To study acute toxicity, four dose levels (50,300,2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight) were tested by single oral administration to Wistar rats. The subacute toxicity for 28 days was conducted by daily oral administration of methanolic extract of olive leaves at doses 1000,2000 and 3000 mg/kg in rats Wistar. After fourteen days of the administration of escalating doses, no deaths were recorded in the animals and no clinically detectable signs were observed. The results of subacute toxicity showed that the body weight of rats was not significantly changed by administration of methanolic extract of olive leaves. Monitoring of the behavior of the rats during the study showed the appearance of some manifestations of tremor, agitation and diarrhea in rats treated with the dose of 3000mg/kg. Grosse examination of the kidneys and liver revealed no changes in those organs and histopathological examination showed congestion and inflammation of the fat in rats treated with the dose of 3000mg/kg. the hematological profile showed no significant changes of the measured hematological parameters. Olive leaves should be used with care and caution since its methanolic extract caused some signs of toxicity and may affect the liver at repeated dose. however, more studies are needed to verify and clarify the toxic aspect ofolea europea.Lleaves.
Highlights
Natural herbs have a long history of use in the counteractive action against a various human aliment
Olea europea.L crops are grown in several parts of the word and come in a variety of cultivars, some of which are specific to certain areas[6]
This study confirms the results found by another study which showed that the administration of a single dose of 2000 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of olive leaves did not induce mortality or any signs of toxicity among Wistar rats[18]
Summary
Natural herbs have a long history of use in the counteractive action against a various human aliment. The herbs global presence in modern medical and healthcare systems has developed as a result of their continued use[1]. Plants produce a wide range of metabolites, some of which can be beneficial to human healthcare and others that may be harmful[3]. Olea europea.L, known as the olive tree, has been grown for centuries for its fruits and oil. Several studies have shown that olea europea. Olea europaea.L leaves are widely used in the traditional treatment of diabetes in Morocco[12], [13]. The aim of this study is to investigate acute and subacute oral toxicity of methanolic extract of olive leaves (MEOL) in Wistar rats
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