Activity Daily Living (ADL) dan Riwayat Penyakit Kronis Terhadap Depresi Lansia di Aceh Barat Daya

OZET Amac: Bu arastirma, kronik obstruktif akciger hastaligi olan bireylerde yorgunlugun gunluk ve enstrumental yasam aktiviteleri uzerine etkisini belirlemek amaci ile yapilmistir. Yontem: Tanimlayici nitelikteki bu arastirma 4 Mayis – 30 Eylul 2015 tarihleri arasinda, bir devlet hastanesinin gogus hastaliklari klinigine ve poliklinige basvuran 140 hasta ile yapilmistir. Arastirmada “Tanitici Bilgiler Formu”, “Gunluk Yasam Aktiviteleri Olcegi”, “Enstrumental Gunluk Yasam Aktiviteleri Olcegi” ve “KOAH ve Astim Yorgunluk Olcegi” kullanilmistir. Verilerin degerlendirilmesinde tanimlayici istatistiksel yontemler uygulanmistir. Bulgular: Calismaya katilan hastalarin %62.9’unun 65 ve uzeri yasta, %68.6’sinin erkek, %92.9’unun evli ve %56.4’unun sigarayi biraktigi saptanmistir. Hastalarin onemli bir kisminin dispne ve yorgunluk yasadigi, basta enstrumental gunluk yasam aktiviteleri olmak uzere gunluk yasam aktivitelerinde yardima gereksinim duyduklari belirlenmistir. Ayrica yasanan yorgunlugun hastalarin gunluk ve enstrumental yasam aktivitelerini bagimsiz yapabilme duzeylerini olumsuz yonde etkiledigi gorulmustur (p<0.001). Sonuc: Bu calismada hastalarin dispne ve yorgunluk duzeylerinin yuksek oldugu, gunluk ve enstrumental yasam aktivitelerininde yorgunluga bagli olarak olumsuz etkilendigi belirlenmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: kronik obstruktif akciger hastaligi, yorgunluk, gunluk yasam aktiviteleri ABSTRACT The Effects Of Fatigue On The Daily Life Activities Of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Aim: This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of fatigue on daily and instrumental life activities in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Method: This descriptive study was conducted between 4 May and 30 September 2015 with 140 patients who consulted to a chest disease clinic and polyclinic of a state hospital. The study data were collected using an “Introductory Information Form”, “Daily Life Activities Scale”, “Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale”, and “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma Fatigue Scale”. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Of the patients in the study, 62.9% were aged 65 or older, 68.6% were males, 92.9% were married, and 56.4% had given up smoking. The study found that a significant propotion of the patients had dyspnea and fatigue and needed help with daily life activities, especially for the instrumental activities of daily living. It has also been observed that living fatigue has a negative effect on the ability of patients to perform independent activities of daily and instrumental life. Conclusion: In this study was determined that dyspnea and fatigue levels of patients were high, daily and instrumental life activities were negative affected due to fatigue. Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fatigue, daily life activities

Background:Physiological changes affect the independence of the elderly in the activities of daily life. The purpose of this research is to know the determinants of independence of elderly in the activity of daily life.Methods: The study was designed using cross-sectional analytic study. The study population was elderly above 60 years old who lived in Tresna Werdha Nursing Home (PSTW) in Yogyakarta with a sample size of 147 elderly. Data collection using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire and observation sheet. Multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression.Results: The independence of the Basic Activity Daily Living (BadL) is measured by the Katz Index and the Instrumental Activity Daily Living (IADL) with the Lawton-Brody scale. The results are 22.4% of elderly dependence on BadL and 25.2% of elderly dependence on IADL. Elderly who did not perform physical activity 10.48 times the risk of experiencing dependence in BadL Compared to elderly who do physical activity (p-value = 0.000; OR = 10:48; 95% CI: 2.83-38.81). Elderly with a history of chronic disease is at risk of 8:25 times dependent on IADL Compared with the elderly without a history of chronic disease (p = 0.046; OR = 8.25; 95% CI: 1.04-65.57).Conclusion: The conclusion is Physical activity, age, and nutritional status in BadL dependence Affect while the history of chronic diseases, physical activity, and age Affects dependence in IADL. Promotional and Preventive Efforts such as routine physical activity, balanced nutrition fulfillment, clean and healthy lifestyle to Anticipate the aging process and physiological function changes.

Objective: The parallel process latent growth curve model (PP-LGCM) was used to examine the longitudinal relationship between activities of daily living (ADL) and depression and further tested whether chronic diseases (CDs) were associated with depression via mediating variable ADL. Methods: A sample of 2014 Chinese older adults aged 60 and over from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) was used. The activities of daily living scale, self-rating depression scale, and chronic diseases scale were used to investigate the ADL, depression, and CD levels of older adults. Following certain statistical analysis steps, we used SPSS 26 and Mplus 8.0 to perform statistical analysis on the data. Results: Firstly, ADL significantly declined in older adults from 2011 to 2018, while depression had a significant rise. Secondly, the intercept of ADL was correlated with the intercept of depression (r = 0.487, p < 0.001), and the slope of ADL was positively correlated with the slope of depression (r = 0.844, p < 0.001). Finally, the intercept of ADL mediated 39% of the association of chronic diseases and the intercept of depression. Conclusions: Our findings showed the trajectories of ADL and depression in older adults and demonstrated that ADL have various associations with depression in longitudinal development. In addition, the effect of chronic diseases on depression is partially mediated by ADL. The ADL play a partial mediating role between chronic diseases and depression in older adults, with an indirect effect of 39%, indicating that ADL are very important. Grasping the mediating mechanism of ADL will help alleviate depression levels in older adults with chronic diseases.

BackgroundIndependence in performing activities of daily living (ADLs) is a central aspect of functioning. Older adults frequently experience impairments and limitations in functioning in various life areas.ObjectivesThe aim of this...

Prevalence of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease and Its Association with Disease Complications

Background: The prevalence study of health conditions can help policy makers to document base policymaking. This study aimed to reveal the health status, including the prevalence of geriatric syndrome health conditions such as activity of daily livings, pain, and physical and mental health of older adults in Tehran province. Methods: This cross-sectional study was a telephone survey with older people ≥60 years old using a systematic random sampling of telephone numbers in Tehran province. The Persian version of the Katz’ activity of daily living (ADL) and the Lawton’s instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) questionnaires were used to evaluate the functional status. Pain, history of chronic diseases, continence, hospital admission, sensory problems, and self-perceived health (SPH) were asked by trained nurses or gerontologists thorough telephone interviews. Results: In this study, 1251 older adults with the mean age of 67.03±7.51 years have been recruited. About 64.50% (95% CI: 64.4-64.6) of them were totally independent according to ADL (female=60.02% and male=68.50%), and about 40.50% (95% CI: 40.4-40.5) were independent based on IADL domains (female=39.41% and male=41.80). The dependency rates in ADL increased with the aging of population. Joint pain was the most prevalent type of pains and near to 26.00% (95% CI: 64.4-64.6) of the participants suffered moderate joint pains. About 71.5% (95% CI: 71.4-71.5) of the participants were urinary continent (female=67.66% and male=76.06%), and 91.9% (95% CI: 91.9-92.0) had bowel control (female=91.47% and male=92.94%) and the prevalence of incontinence increased by advancing age. Only 26.70% (95% CI: 26.6-26.8) of the participants reported excellent and good levels of perceived health status (female=21.98% and male=31.48%) and about 26.2% (95% CI: 26.1-26.2) of them reported some degree of visual impairment. Conclusion: The results of the present study can provide a good view about the health profile of older adults, including pain, functional status, sphincter control, chronic diseases, sensory status, and SPH. Future studies should prioritize SPH as an important predictor of mortality rates.

Objective To analyze the correlation between chronic diseases, depression and activities of daily living (ADL) in the elderly, and to explore the risk factors of depressive symptoms and ADL. Methods Randomized multi-stage sampling method was used to select 504 elderly (aged ≥65 years old) in Jining City.The participants were then investigated and assessed by using Geriatric Depression Scale15, Katz-Activity of Daily Living (Katz-ADL) and Lawton instrumental ADL (Lawton-IADL). Results The prevalence of chronic diseases was 74.01% among the elderly who lived in Jining City.The positive rate of depressive symptom was 7.14% and the rate of ADL or IADL limitation was 19.05% and 66.67%, respectively.The positive rate of depressive symptom and the rate of ADL or IADL limitation of the male were lower than those of female (χ2 values were 18.15, 12.31 and 30.18, respectively; all P<0.05). The number of chronic diseases was a risk factor of depressive symptom and ADL limitation (odds ratio (OR)=1.71 or 1.53, respectively). ADL and IADL limitations were also the risk factors of depressive symptom (OR=3.15 or 9.36, respectively). Over adjustment of gender and age, the impact of the number of chronic diseases on depressive symptom, ADL and IADL and the influence of ADL and IADL limitations on depressive symptom showed no statistical significance. Conclusions Gender and age may be fundamental risk factors of depressive symptom and ADL and IADL limitations in the elderly.Family members and society workers should improve ADL and positive emotion and reduce the likelihood of depressive symptom among aging population. Key words: Aged; Depression; Activities of daily living

Context:Activity of daily living (ADL) is an important predictor of mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Increasing ADL is important in patients with COPD and assessment of ADL is one of the best ways to evaluate the status of COPD patients.Objectives:The objective of this systematic review was to provide an overview of the psychometric properties of paper and pencil instruments measuring ADL in patients with COPD.Data Sources:English papers published from 1980 to 2014 regarding ADL in patients with COPD were searched in Web of Science, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cochrane, PubMed, ProQuest, and CINAHL databases using the following keywords: “COPD”, “ADL”, “activities of daily living”, “daily activities”, “instrument”, “questionnaire”, “paper-and-pencil instruments”, and “measure”. Following the Internet search, manual search was also done to find article references.Study Selection:A total of 186 articles were found. Of those, 31 met the inclusion criteria. Full texts of articles meeting the inclusion criteria were studied. Consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments”(COSMIN) were used to assess the quality of the studies.Data Extraction:Data extraction form based on research aims developed by researchers and psychometric experts, with 17 questions was used.Results:In these articles, 14 pen and paper instruments were identified for examining ADL in patients with COPD; of which, 4 dealt directly with ADL while 9 assessed other criteria i.e. dyspnea as ADL indicator. The majority of instruments only dealt with two main dimensions of ADL: Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), and did not consider Advanced Activities of Daily Living (AADL), which is influenced by cultural and motivational factors.Conclusion:Despite several ADL instruments identified, complete psychometric processes have only been done in a few of them. Selection of the appropriate instrument should focus on the aim of the study and the target construct.

BackgroundIndependence in performing activities of daily living (ADLs) is a central aspect of functioning. Older adults frequently experience impairments and limitations in functioning in various life areas. The aim of this survey was to explore the limitations in the ADLs in older adults in a population-based survey in Austria.MethodA population-based cross-sectional study in 3097 subjects aged ≥65 years who were included in the Austrian health interview survey was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate frequencies of problems in the ADLs. A principal component analysis was applied to analyze the main dimensions of 19 ADL items. Binary logistic regression models were used with the ADL dimensions as the dependent variables and osteoarthritis, chronic back pain, osteoporosis, sex, education level, anxiety or depression, age and pain intensity as independent variables.ResultsPeople with musculoskeletal conditions were significantly more often affected by ADL problems than people without these diseases. The ADL domain which caused problems in the highest proportion of people was “doing heavy housework” (43.9 %). It was followed by the ADL domains “bending or kneeling down” (39.3 %), “climbing stairs up and down without walking aids” (23.1 %), and “walking 500 m without walking aids” (22.8 %). The principal components analysis revealed four dimensions of ADLs: (1) intense “heavy burden” ADLs, (2) basic instrumental ADLs, (3) basic ADLs and (3) hand-focused ADLs. The proportion of subjects who had problems with the respective dimensions was 58.2, 29.2, 23.0, and 9.2 %. Anxiety/depression (greatest effect), followed by the chronic musculoskeletal disease itself, female sex, higher age and pain intensity were significant predictors of ADL problems.ConclusionThis population-based survey indicates that older people have considerable ADL problems. More attention should be paid to the high impact of pain intensity, anxiety and depression on ADLs.

Donor Screening for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in China: Evaluation of 8483 Candidates

Epidemiologic studies of occupational lung diseases generally compare symptoms and pulmonary function between groups with differing exposure risks. However, the functional consequences (e.g., on activities of daily life) of statistically significant group differences in either symptoms or pulmonary function are rarely addressed. An understanding of this is important for both the scientific investigators and users of these public health investigations. To address this issue, we developed a 15-item questionnaire to assess breathing-related limitations in activities of daily life, and applied this in a study of 112 retired workers. For each subject, we calculated a limitation score as the number of items associated with breathing difficulty divided by the total number of applicable items. Results from this questionnaire were compared to respiratory symptoms, the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), lung function test results, 6-min walking distance, and participants' assessment of breathing effort after the walk. The limitation score was significantly higher in subjects reporting dyspnea (22% versus 4%, p < 0.01) or occasional wheeze (27% versus 6%, p < 0.01), and correlated negatively with FEV1, MMEF, and FEV1/FVC (R2 = -0.47, -0.36, and -0.45, respectively, p < 0.0001) and breathing effort after the 6-min walk (R2 = 0.31, p < 0.01). Breathing related limitation in daily activities was also associated with a general health related limitation in household maintenance and ambulation in the SIP (p < 0.01). For each questionnaire item, we compared the responses among subjects with a normal FEV1 to those of subjects with an abnormal FEV1 (below the lower 95% confidence limit).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Neighborhood Social Cohesion, Physical Disorder, and Daily Activity Limitations Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the relationship between dependence in Activities of Daily Living and muscle strength, muscle morphology and physical function in older nursing home residents, taking possible confounders into consideration.MethodsA total of 30 nursing home residents (age, 85.6±7.1 years) were included in this observational cross-sectional study. Performance of basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) was assessed with the Resident Assessment Instrument and categorized as either independent or dependent. Isometric grip, quadriceps and elbow-flexor strength were determined by hand-dynamometry, muscle thickness and echo intensity by B-mode ultrasonography, a sit-to-stand task by using a stop watch and physical activity by the German-Physical-Activity Questionnaire. Degree of frailty was evaluated according to Fried’s frailty criteria, whereas cognition, depression, incontinence, pain and falls were part of the Resident Assessment Instrument.ResultsDependence in Activities of Daily Living was negatively correlated with physical activity (rs = -0.44, p = .015), handgrip (rs = -0.38, p = .038), elbow-flexor (rs = -0.42, p = .032) and quadriceps strength (rs = -0.67, p < .001), analysed by Spearman’s correlation. Chronic diseases (rs = -0.41, p = .027) and incontinence (rs = -0.39, p = .037) were positively correlated with ADL while the other variables were not related. Only quadriceps strength remained significant with logistic regression (Wald(1) = 4.7, p = .03), when chronic diseases, quadriceps and handgrip strength were considered (R2 .79). 11 kg was the best fitting value in this sample to predict performance in Activities of Daily Living, evaluated with Receiver-Operating Characteristic analysis, with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 79%.Conclusion and implicationQuadriceps strength had a positive independent relationship with performance in ADL in the nursing home residents studied. Although a large prospective study is needed to verify the results, maintaining quadriceps strength above 11 kg may be helpful in retaining independence in this cohort.

Disability in Basic Activities of Daily Living Is Associated With Symptom Burden in Older People With Advanced Cancer or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Secondary Data Analysis

Background: Several chronic diseases can contribute to functional disability. However, little is known about functional disability and its progression overtime in chronic heart failure (HF). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and progression of difficulty with activities of daily living (ADLs) and its association with mortality in patients with HF. Methods: We enrolled Southeastern Minnesota residents with HF into a longitudinal study from September 2, 2003 through January 31, 2012. A patient’s difficulty with 9 ADLs (feeding themselves, dressing, toileting, housekeeping, climbing stairs, bathing, walking, using transportation, managing medications) was assessed by questionnaire. Patients were followed for all-cause mortality. Using Rasch analysis to determine the order of ADL difficulty, patients were divided into 3 categories (minimal, moderate, severe difficulty). Predictors of ADL difficulty were assessed using negative binomial regression and the association between ADL difficulty and death with Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: Among 1128 patients (mean age 74.7 years, 49.2% female), most (59.4%) reported difficulty with one or more ADLs at enrollment, with 272 (24.1%) and 146 (12.9%) reporting moderate and severe difficulty, respectively. The independent predictors of difficulty with ADLs were older age, female sex, diabetes, morbid obesity, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, anemia, and unmarried status. After a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.2 (2.4) years, 615 (54.5%) patients had died. There was a stepwise increase in the risk of death as difficulty with ADLs increased ( Figure ). After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity, the HR (95% CI) for mortality was 1.52 (1.25-1.83, p&lt;0.001) for patients with moderate and 2.28 (1.82-2.85, p&lt;0.001) for those with severe difficulty with ADLs compared to those with minimal difficulty (p for trend&lt;0.001). In most patients (73.5%), difficulty with ADLs was stable over time. However, survivors reporting persistently severe or worsening ADL difficulty in a second assessment (median 9 months later) were at an increased risk of subsequent mortality (adjusted HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.70-2.55, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Functional disability is common in patients with HF, can progress over time, and is independently associated with adverse prognosis.