Abstract
Acoustic coatings on maritime vehicles can significantly reduce the transmission of machinery noise in the ambient marine environment as well as absorb external acoustic waves. In this work, the performance of two types of phononic crystals with steel backing is investigated for acoustic coating applications. The first type of phononic crystal comprises periodic voids embedded in a soft elastic medium. The second type of phononic crystal comprises hard scatterers arranged periodically in an elastic medium. The voids exhibit monopole resonance, leading to low sound transmission through the coating in a broad frequency range. In contrast, the hard scatterers exhibit dipole resonance which results in low sound reflection. The ratio of bulk to shear moduli of the elastic medium governs the monopole resonance, whereas the dipole resonance is governed by the ratio of the density of the scatterers to the density of the host medium. The effect of steel backing on the transmission side of the elastic medium results in high values of sound absorption attributed to Fabry-Perot resonance. The advantages and limitations of the two types of acoustic coatings are discussed.
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