Abstract

The restored strain energy in $\mathrm{Pb}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{1∕3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2∕3}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PZN) and $9%\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$-doped PZN (PZN-9%PT) relaxor crystals has been studied by means of acoustic emission (AE). Two types of AE activity signals have been recorded: (i) related to temperature- or electric-field-induced macroscopic phase transitions and (ii) associated with formation/disappearance of intrinsic polar nanoregions. Monitoring of AE under varying [001] electric fields has allowed a unique in situ observation of a low-field $(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kV}∕\mathrm{cm})$ irreversible orthorhombic-to-${M}_{C}$ phase transition within the morphotropic phase boundary region of PZN-9%PT.

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