Abstract
<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the effects of an acidic microenvironment on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells regarding the ability to develop metastases in vivo. <h3>Study Design</h3> After different periods of exposure to the acidic culture medium, the concentration of 2 million oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in 150 μL of phosphate-buffared saline was injected into the tail vein of Balbc/nude animals. The animals were monitored for 10 weeks and then euthanized, and their lungs and livers were collected, measured, weighed, photographed, and fixed in 10% formalin for histologic processing. Histologic slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin were obtained and analyzed by a blind observer who quantified the number of metastases per slide. After analysis of data distribution, the groups were compared by <i>t</i> test or analysis of variance. <h3>Results</h3> The group with cells previously exposed to the acid microenvironment (pH 6.8) presented a higher number of lung metastases (<i>P</i> = .0322) compared to the unexposed group (pH 7.4). The average of metastases in the pH 6.8 group was 6.33 (±2.12), whereas in the pH 7.4 group it was 3.87 (±2.16). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The acid microenvironment confers metastatic capacity to oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and consequently greater tumor progression.
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