Abstract
We evaluate the impacts of using multi-level modulation formats on the transmission capacity of the multi-core fiber (MCF) having trench-assisted index profile and hexagonal layout. For this evaluation, we utilize the spectral efficiency per unit area, defined as the spatial spectral efficiency (SSE). The results show that the SSE improvement achievable by using the higher-level modulation format can be reduced due to its lower tolerance to the inter-core crosstalk. We also evaluate the effects of using large effective area on the transmission capacity of the trench-assisted MCF. The results show that the use of large effective area can decrease this capacity due to the increased inter-core crosstalk and lengthened cable cutoff wavelength, although it can help increase the transmission distance. Thus, it is necessary to optimize the effective area of MCF by considering both the SSE and transmission distance. However, the results indicate that the effect of using different effective areas on the SSE-distance product is not significant, and it is not useful to increase the effective area of the trench-assisted MCF to be larger than ~110 μm(2).
Highlights
To overcome the imminent capacity limit of the conventional single-mode fiber (SMF), there have recently been many efforts to realize the space-division-multiplexing (SDM) technology [1,2,3,4]
We evaluated the effects of using multi-level modulation formats on the transmission capacity of the multi-core fiber (MCF) having trench-assisted index profile and hexagonal layout
We evaluated the effects of increasing the effective area on the transmission capacity of the trench-assisted MCF
Summary
To overcome the imminent capacity limit of the conventional single-mode fiber (SMF), there have recently been many efforts to realize the space-division-multiplexing (SDM) technology [1,2,3,4]. We used the decision-directed leastmean-square (DD-LMS) method for the equalization and calculated the bit-error-rate (BER) Using this model, we estimated the required OSNR to achieve the BER better than the forward-error correction (FEC) limit (i.e., BER = 3.8x10−3) as a function of the inter-core crosstalk level in the 100-km and 1000-km long MCF links. After the inter-core crosstalk reached a certain level, it was no longer possible to achieve the BER below the FEC limit even if we further increased the signal’s power (i.e., OSNR) due to the effects of fiber nonlinearities It was not possible to transmit the 64QAM signal over 1000 km even in the absence of the inter-core crosstalk due to its high OSNR requirement
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