Abstract
In this paper, we present an accurate method to localize an object on a 2D plan using the chipless technology. This method requires a single antenna and a chipless tag. Phase difference between a reference position and an unknown position is used to estimate the distances between each resonator and the antenna. Then, multi-lateration is used to determine the position of the chipless tag in the plan. This method provides a better accuracy compared to classical ones based on received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or round-trip time-of-flight. In a square of 10 cm side above the antenna, error over distance determination between each resonators and the antenna is less than 2 mm and localization error on the tag coordinates in the 2D plan is lower than 1 cm. To increase the robustness of this method, we propose also a selection of a subset of the resonators used by the multi-lateration process. This method permits to increase the localization area by more than 20%. All the results have been obtained in real environment, and at different heights to show the robustness of the proposed approach. Finally, localization sensors based on this method can also be used as classical chipless RFID tag for identification with the same coding capacity.
Highlights
Classical user interface requires a physical contact between the device and the user
Chipless tags are usually separated between time domain tags and frequency domain tags
Distances estimation di is obtained by adding the distance of the reference position di and the distance variation ∆d obtained with (3) which uses the phase difference between the two positions
Summary
Classical user interface requires a physical contact between the device and the user. It can be, for example, to press a button to switch on an equipment (e.g., a television), or move an equipment to point a location on a plane (e.g., a computer mouse on a screen). The user interface size depends only on the allowed interactions with the user, which introduce numerous constraints on the device size. Contacless user interface leverages this limitation by providing a convenient solution to control an electronic device without any assumption on its size. Even if the size of the equipment is not limited by the user interface, new constraints appear with the camera positioning and field of view. Since camera modules are fully passive, gesture recognition cannot be done without ambient light
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