Abstract
Dimocarpus longan, Litchi chinensis, and Nephelium lappaceum are commercially valuable subtropical and tropical fruits of the Sapindaceae family. Arillus and seeds of the three species have very similar morphologies; however, the arillus of D. longan is used as the herbal medicine Longan Arillus and seeds of L. chinensis are used as Litchi Semen in Korean and Chinese pharmacopoeias. The adulteration of herbal medicines with inauthentic species, including the use of Aril and seed fractions acquired from a single species for two herbal medicines (e.g., Longan Arillus and Litchi Semen), is often driven by economic motives. DNA markers are a tool for the detection of adulterants in commercial products. To establish rapid and reliable assays for the genetic identification of authentic Longan Arillus and Litchi Semen, we developed DNA markers with high specificity and sensitivity based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The newly developed DNA markers and multiplex PCR assay may contribute to efforts to protect against adulteration, quality control, and the standardization of herbal medicines.
Highlights
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.), litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) are tropical and subtropical fruits belonging to the family Sapindaceae, which includes1900 species and 144 genera [1,2,3]
Longan and litchi are the sources of the herbal medicines ‘Longan Arillus’ and ‘Litchi Semen,’ respectively, defined in Korean pharmacopoeias (KP) and Chinese pharmacopoeias (ChP), and they are food materials permitted in the Korean Food Standards Codex (KFSC) [4]
The aim of this study was to develop a rapid species-specific multiplex assay with high sensitivity using Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers for species identification in herbal medicines marketed as Longan Arillus and Litchi Semen
Summary
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.), litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) are tropical and subtropical fruits belonging to the family Sapindaceae, which includes. 1900 species and 144 genera [1,2,3]. These fruits are popular in South Korea, but the climate of South. Longan and litchi are the sources of the herbal medicines ‘Longan Arillus’ and ‘Litchi Semen,’ respectively, defined in Korean pharmacopoeias (KP) and Chinese pharmacopoeias (ChP), and they are food materials permitted in the Korean Food Standards Codex (KFSC) [4]. Rambutan is permitted for use as a food material in KFSC, but not for herbal medicines in KP or CP. Litchi Semen is used to treat colds and pain [6]
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