Abstract
In vitro cultures give the opportunity to perform the phytochemical studies on the protected species without harvesting the plant material from the natural environment. Shoots of Eryngium alpinum L. were multiplied on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium in various systems, namely on the solid media and in two liquid cultures—stationary and agitated, as well as via regeneration from callus. The biomass increments were closely correlated with the number of shoots arising from one explant, which was connected with the supplementation of the culture media with the studied plant growth regulators. The methanolic extracts from shoots grown in the tested systems were subjected to phenolic acids and flavonoids qualitative and quantitative analysis. Biomass from in vitro shoot cultures accumulated from 19.59 to 32.95 times more phenolic acids [the total content ranged from 272.52 to 458.38 mg/100 g dry weight (DW)] and from 3.02 to 4.43 times more flavonoids (the total content ranged from 100.03 to 146.98 mg/100 g DW), depending on the culture system, than the extracts from basal leaves from the intact plant (13.91 and 33.16 mg/100 g DW, respectively). The phenolics present in shoot cultures include seven phenolic acids—3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic, caftaric, caffeic, neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, isochlorogenic, and rosmarinic acids, and three flavonoids—isoquercetin, quercitrin and robinin. The best system for shoot proliferation resulting in the highest biomass growth and phenolic acids and flavonoids accumulation was solid culture on MS medium with BAP, IAA, and GA3 (each 1.0 mg/l). The aim of this work was to check the effect of various culture systems (stationary and agitated, on solidified and in liquid media) on the production of phenolic compounds in E. alpinum shoots cultured in vitro.
Highlights
Eryngium alpinum L. (Alpine eryngo) from the subfamily Saniculoideae of the Apiaceae is listed in Annex II of the Habitats Directive and Appendix I of the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (The Bern Convention) and it is protected by the European Habitats Directive—Natura 2000 as well as the national red lists of some European countries (Gygax et al 2013)
Eryngium alpinum was introduced into in vitro cultures and the capacity to produce the desired phenolics—phenolic acids and flavonoids by shoots cultured on the media supplemented with different phytohormones was measured (Kikowska et al 2019)
The shoots were multiplied on agar-gelled media, but no studies have been conducted for estimation of the potential of shoot multiplication in liquid systems
Summary
Eryngium alpinum L. (Alpine eryngo) from the subfamily Saniculoideae of the Apiaceae is listed in Annex II of the Habitats Directive and Appendix I of the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (The Bern Convention) and it is protected by the European Habitats Directive—Natura 2000 as well as the national red lists of some European countries (Gygax et al 2013). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) (2020) 141:381–391 affected by changes in habitats and climate. For these reasons, some populations have decreased in size, while others have disappeared (Gaudeul and Till-Bottraud 2004). Due to the protection status of this taxon, it is not possible to harvest the raw material from the natural sites; in vitro cultures can become its alternative source. In vitro cultures bring several advantages—they enable continuous production of uniform biomass from rare and protected plants independently of climatic and environmental conditions. Plant biomass with good biotechnological parameters (for example growth rate, biomass doubling time, cell weight yield) may become the material for the phytochemical and biological research without the need to deplete natural environments (Espinosa-Leal et al 2018)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
