Accumulation and Transportation Characteristics of Dry Matter after Anthesis in Different Mung Bean Cultivars

Abstract

The dry matter accumulation is the basis for yield formation in crops,and its transportation determines the nutrient flow and seed yield.In order to find out the internal mechanisms of yield-formation of mung bean,investigated the accumulation,distribution and transportation characteristics of dry matter in the above-ground organs consisting of stalks,leaves,pod shells and seeds during flowering to maturing by using mung bean high-yielding cultivars Jilu 2 and An 9910,and low-yielding cultivars Chifeng and Tailai in the summer-sowing areas.The results showed that the change of dry matter accumulation in both of plant and seeds presented the "S" curves after anthesis,the key stage for yield formation of plant biomass and seeds was at 16-31 days after anthesis,the main source organ of grain-filling was the leaves at flowering nodes on the main stem with the biggest contribution to grain yield.Significant differences were observed between different genotypes,the accumulation and transportation capacities of the high-yielding cultivars(Jilu 2 and An 9910) were greater than those of the low-yielding cultivars,especially for the accumulation of dry matter in the leaves at the flowering node on the main stems,so higher yield and harvest index were achieved in the high-yielding cultivars.Therefore,the major practice to achieve higher yield in the mung bean production should be to choose the cultivars with multi-pods and bigger grain,to enhance the field management after anthesis to maintain longer function duration of leaves at flowering nodes on the main stem,and to remove the invalid branches to improve the transportation and distribution of dry matter as well.