Abstract
Fire and explosion accidents occur frequently in tankers because they transport large quantities of dangerous cargo. To prevent fire and explosion accidents, it is necessary to analyze factors that cause accidents and their effects. In this study, factors that cause fire and explosion accidents were classified using the 4M disaster analysis method, and each factor’s effect on the accident was analyzed using fault tree analysis (FTA). First, the unsafe tank atmosphere environment was identified as a primary cause of fire and explosion accidents in tankers, and the underlying causes of these accidents were investigated. The probability of underlying causes leading to primary causes was derived using an expert survey. The results showed that management and media factors had a greater impact on the unsafe tank atmosphere environment than human factors. To prevent fire and explosion accidents, it is necessary to ensure sufficient working and resting times for seafarers and compliance with procedures and work guidelines. A generalization of the results of present and future studies will enable the identification of the cause and preventive measures for fire and explosion accidents in tankers. Furthermore, this will reduce accidents in tankers and contribute to future safety management measures of ships and companies.
Highlights
IntroductionTankers generally refer to ships that are built or modified to transport large quantities of oils in freight space, and they include noxious liquid substance tankers and gas carriers, which transport liquid cargo in bulk [1]
According to the 2020 yearbook of the Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal, 32 fire and explosion accidents on tankers occurred over the five-year period from 2016 to 2020, which is the largest number of fire and explosion accidents among merchant vessels [3]
Response measures to reduce fire and explosion accidents were proposed based on the analysis results
Summary
Tankers generally refer to ships that are built or modified to transport large quantities of oils in freight space, and they include noxious liquid substance tankers and gas carriers, which transport liquid cargo in bulk [1]. Fires occur in various locations on ships, such as in the engine room and galley. As tankers transport oil and refined products, the possibility of fires occurring on these tankers is higher than on other types of ships. According to the 2020 yearbook of the Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal, 32 fire and explosion accidents on tankers occurred over the five-year period from 2016 to 2020, which is the largest number of fire and explosion accidents among merchant vessels [3]. Fire and explosion accidents continued to occur, such as the accident of a chemical carrier that occurred in
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