Abstract
Background: (Pro)renin receptor[(P)RR] is a single trans-membrane receptor that binds to both renin and its precursor prorenin to activate tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (P)RR is cleaved by furin to generate soluble (pro)renin receptor [s(P)RR], which is secreted into the extracellular space. Blood s(P)RR level is a candidate biomarker reflecting the status of the tissue RAS, and we have reported that serum s(P)RR levels are associated with renal function. Endocrine or metabolic factors contribute to progression of endorgan damages in hypertensive patients. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the relationships between serum s(P)RR levels and endocrine or metabolic factors in patients with essential hypertension. Methods: We measured serum s(P)RR levels and assessed the relationships between serum s(P)RR levels and background factors including endocrine or metabolic factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference, hemoglobin, uric acid, HbA1c, LDL-cholesterol (C), HDL-C, triglyceride (TG), high-sensitivity (hs) CRP, plasma renin activity, aldosterone concentration, noradrenaline, adrenaline, thyroid stimulating hormone, free T3, and free T4 in essential hypertensive patients. Results: A total of 302 patients (138 males) were enrolled. The mean value for age was 57±12 y.o., BMI was 24.9±5.1 Kg/m2, blood pressure was 140±16/85±12 mmHg, hemoglobin was 14.0±1.3 g/dl, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 75.2±20.6 ml/min/1.73 m2, HbA1c was 5.7±0.7%, and serum s(P)RR level was 21.0±5.8 ng/ml. Serum s(P)RR levels were significantly positively correlated with age (r=0.209, p<0.0005), abdominal circumference (r=0.177, p<0.05), HbA1c (r=0.219, p<0.001), TG (r=0.180, p<0.01), hs CRP (r=0.162, p<0.05), free T3 (r=0.521, p<0.01), and free T4 (r=0.523, p<0.005), and were significantly negatively correlated with hemoglobin (r=-0.243, p<0.05), eGFR (r=-0.272, p<0.0001), and HDL-C (r=-0.199, p<0.005). Conclusion: In patients with essential hypertension, serum s(P)RR levels were shown to be associated with endocrine or metabolic factors in addition to renal function, suggesting serum s(P)RR level as a useful biomarker that reflects the status of endocrine or metabolic disorders.
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