Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) has induced a higher risk of a hypercoagulable state that can further lead to various complications such as Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). There is a lack of data on the outcomes of PC patients following an episode of AMI. Method: A retrospective analysis was performed via the 2019 National Inpatient Sample (NIS). We identified a principal diagnosis of AMI and a diagnosis of PC (ICD-10 'C25.x') at any level. Patient characteristics (sex, race, diabetes, mean age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking history) were compared, and the risk of mortality in PC patients was estimated via multivariable regression analysis. Results: In total, 555 (0.1%) PC cases were found among all hospitalized cases of AMI in the United States in 2019. We also found that 63.1% were males, 46.8% had diabetes, 85.6% had hypertension, 58.6% had hyperlipidemia, 45.9% reported a smoking history, and 73.0% were Whites. Among the PC patients, 120 (22.4%) patients underwent PCI. Unfortunately, 65 (11.7%) patients with PC died (aOR 2.595, 95% CI 1.995-3.375, p<0.01). Among PC patients with AMI, a lower mortality risk was seen among smokers (aOR: 0.221, 95% CI 0.110-0.444, p<0.01), diabetics (aOR: 0.369, 95% CI 0.193-0.707, p<0.01), and those with hypertension (aOR: 0.114, 95% CI: 0.054-0.239, p<0.01). The mean age of all PC patients was 72.77 years (SEM: 0.421), while non-PC patients were younger (66.92 years, SEM:0.016). PC patients that died were also older, with a mean age of 75.38 (SEM:1.542), compared to non-PC patients that died following AMI (mean age 73.41, SEM 0.071). Conclusion: Our analysis found that pancreatic cancer raised the risk of mortality among AMI cases. While most cases of pancreatic cancer tend to have an overall poor prognosis, physicians are encouraged to investigate further other risk factors that can complicate their hospitalizations.
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