Abstract 190: Risk Factors and Outcomes of Hyperbilirubinemia Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Abstract

Background: It has been established that postoperative hyperbilirubinemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery. However, hyperbilirubinemia after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not yet been a subject of clinical research. We evaluated the incidence and risk factors of post-TAVR hyperbilirubinemia, and aimed to determine its prognostic significance. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 241 consecutive TAVR patients between January 2011 and December 2014 in our institution. We excluded 15 patients with documented chronic hepatic or biliary disorders, or prior liver transplant. Hyperbilirubinemia was defined as any value above the upper limit of normal total bilirubin within 1 week of TAVR. Results: Eighty-two patients out of 226 (36.3%) had post-TAVR hyperbilirubinemia. After adjustment for confounders, there was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality (3.7% (3 of 82) vs. 1.4% (2 of 144); p-value = 0.26) and 1-year mortality (7.3% (6 of 82) vs 5.6% (8 of 144); p-value = 0.60) between patients with and without elevated bilirubin following TAVR. However, there was a trend for hyperbilirubinemic patients to have a longer intensive care unit stay (145.3 +/-202.2 hours vs. 113.2 +/-93.4 hours; p-value = 0.14) and hospital stay (14.1 +/-11.2 days vs. 12.1 +/-8.6 days; p-value = 0.16). Multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative hyperbilirubinemia (hazard ratio 62.88, 95% confidence interval 15.80 to 250.32; p-value <0.0001) and preoperative atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio 2.40, 95% confidence interval 1.21 to 4.78; p-value = 0.01) were strongly associated with post-TAVR hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusions: The cause of post-TAVR hyperbilirubinemia may be multifactorial. It is not a rare event and may impact the short-term outcomes. Thus, monitoring bilirubin should be considered an integrated part of TAVR patient care. Optimal management of post-TAVR hyperbilirubinemia remains challenging.