Abstract
Optical Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is commonly deployed as a wavelength selective filter in telecommunication as well as to detect physical changes such as pressure, temperature and strain in sensing applications. This paper presents an investigation of FBG as a chemical sensor towards ethanol in aqueous solution. Telecommunication standard single mode FBGs were coated with different thicknesses of thin gold films via sputtering deposition method. The combination of Bragg gratings and gold film enhances the evanescent wave on the surface of the optical fiber. It was found that the FBG coated with 50 nm gold layer exhibits the strongest response towards water with varying concentrations of ethanol. The sensor shows 55% change in absorbance levels when the concentration of ethanol is increased from 0 to 99.7% in water.
Highlights
Fiber optic based sensors are rapidly gaining popularity due to their many advantages such as miniaturization, flexibility and immunity to electromagnetic interference and have the capability for remote sensing [1]–[5]
Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are commonly used as wavelength selective filters that are created by a periodic modification of the refractive index at the core resulting in a periodic modulation of the effective index of the waveguide [6]–[8]
The absorbance increases when a thin gold film is sputtered over a 1 cm area of an single mode fiber (SMF) where the buffer coating is removed
Summary
Fiber optic based sensors are rapidly gaining popularity due to their many advantages such as miniaturization, flexibility and immunity to electromagnetic interference and have the capability for remote sensing [1]–[5]. Grating (FBG) based sensors are one of the most popular and widely used within the photonics community. It has great potential for mechanical [9]–[11], chemical [12]–[14] as well as environmental [15, 16] sensing applications. We compare the absorbance responses of a standard single mode fiber (SMF) and FBG. Both SMF and FBG were prepared with and without gold coatings to investigate their sensitivity and responses towards ethanol.
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