Abstract

Electron impact ionization of La, Pr, Ho, Tm, and Lu Atoms has been studied through measurements of absolute total (apparent σ a and counting σ c ) and charge-separated partial cross sections σ q + ( q =1–4) from the single ionization thresholds to 900 eV. The absolute and partial measurements were done using an electron–atom crossed beam apparatus and a magnetic deflection mass spectrometer, respectively. After a brief discussion on the present results, an overall discussion is made in more compact form on the cross-section results for 13 lanthanide-atom species including those for the 8 species treated in our previous studies. It is confirmed that the atoms having a 5 d electron (La, Gd, and Lu) provide larger single-ionization cross sections and thereby larger σ c values and larger population of singly-charged ions. It is also confirmed that resonance-like feature starting around the 4 d limits is observed in the σ 3+ curves for lighter lanthanide atoms. This phenomenon, observed for the first time for...

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