Abstract
Aim: to evaluate the effects of abscisic acid (ABA), contained in dwarf peaches, on the regression of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) conditions. Materials and methods: sixty-five patients with IFG or IGT were randomized to take ABA or placebo for 3 months. We evaluated: fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP). At baseline, and after 3 months, all patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, and a glucagon test. Results: a significant reduction of HbA1c, FPG, PPG, FPI and HOMA-IR was observed in the ABA group. After 3 months, 26.7% of patients returned to a normal glycemic status in the ABA group versus zero patients in placebo group; 20.0% were classified as IFG and 53.3% as IGT in the nutraceutical group versus 33.3% and 63.3% in the placebo group. The M value was higher in the ABA group at the end of the treatment. Finally, Hs-CRP was reduced after 3 months of ABA consumption. Conclusions: abscisic acid can be effective in ameliorating glyco-metabolic compensation and in reducing inflammatory status in patients with IFG or IGT.
Highlights
Prediabetes is a disease state preceding the onset of diabetes and comprises impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) conditions
39.4% of patients were affected by IFG in the abscisic acid (ABA) group vs. 34.4% in placebo (p not significant), while 60.6% of patients were affected by IGT in the ABA group, and 65.6% in placebo group (p not significant)
After 3 months, 26.7% of patients returned to a normal glycemic status in the ABA group vs. zero patients in placebo group (p < 0.05); at the end of the study, 20.0% were classified as IFG in the ABA group vs. 33.3% in placebo group (p < 0.05)
Summary
Prediabetes is a disease state preceding the onset of diabetes and comprises impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) conditions. According to American Diabetes Association guidelines, dysglycemia is defined by a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100 and
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