Abstract
The total energy of a grain boundary in a transition metal is calculated in an ab initio manner. Such calculations are now feasible using a plane-wave basis set provided that an optimally convergent pseudopotential is used. The investigation focuses on resolving two competing atomic models for the \ensuremath{\Sigma}=5 [001] twist boundary in gold. It is found that the model of lower energy, which involves small atomic displacements, corresponds to a structure determined both experimentally, using quantitative x-ray-diffraction techniques, and theoretically, using the embedded-atom method.
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