Abstract
The methodology used in dietary surveys could, to a large extent, follow the instructions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), where 24-h dietary recall (24HDR) is recommended for (sub) population studies. However, it is necessary to examine the suitability of 24HDR for indicative dietary intake in older adults. This study aimed to compare participants’ dietary intakes with the recommendations and to compare dietary intakes derived from a 24HDR using an OPEN web-based application to those obtained from reference weighed food records (WFRs). Forty-nine Slovenian residential home residents completed both assessments, and a comparison with dietary reference values was performed. Estimates from these two methods were compared and the correlations between them were assessed. The findings revealed that dietary intakes derived from the WFR method mostly differed from the recommended intakes. The 24HDR underestimated dietary intake compared to the WFR for 66% of monitored parameters, while 75% of these parameters were correlated, mostly at a moderate level (0.3–0.69). In conclusion, the diets of residential home residents in this study mostly differed from recommendations. Both methods for dietary intake assessment provided comparable results for most of the monitored parameters in expected deviations. A web-based 24HDR could be a valid tool for the indicative assessment of dietary intake in older adults. However, further validations are required.
Highlights
IntroductionOlder adults are one of the most vulnerable groups. Poor physical health, lack of physical activity, inadequate nutrition, and low skeletal muscle mass are among the most important factors that contribute to the progression of chronic diseases and various acute health problems [1].Having a proper diet significantly affects the aging process and is the most important element in preventing malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty [2]
From a health perspective, older adults are one of the most vulnerable groups
This study aimed to assess dietary intake according to reference values and the suitability of computer-assisted 24-h dietary recall (24HDR) for indicative dietary intake in older adults, since the accuracy of dietary intake assessments is an important part of nutritional status assessments
Summary
Older adults are one of the most vulnerable groups. Poor physical health, lack of physical activity, inadequate nutrition, and low skeletal muscle mass are among the most important factors that contribute to the progression of chronic diseases and various acute health problems [1].Having a proper diet significantly affects the aging process and is the most important element in preventing malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty [2]. Older adults are one of the most vulnerable groups. Lack of physical activity, inadequate nutrition, and low skeletal muscle mass are among the most important factors that contribute to the progression of chronic diseases and various acute health problems [1]. Having a proper diet significantly affects the aging process and is the most important element in preventing malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty [2]. Nutritional requirements in older adults are specific in order to avoid malnutrition, which is considerably higher (30–65%) in hospitalized or institutionalized older individuals [3]. Monitoring dietary intake and achieving adequate nutrition is fundamental to achieving a proper nutritional status, healthy and active ageing, and successful treatment outcomes in older adults [4].
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