Abstract
The performance of aluminized high explosives is considered by varying the aluminum (Al) mass fraction in a heterogeneous mixture model. Since the time scales of the characteristic induction and combustion of high explosives and Al particles differ, the process of energy release behind the leading detonation wave front occurs over an extended period of time. For simulating the performance of aluminized explosives with varying Al mass fraction, HMX (1,3,5,7-tetrahexmine-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane) is considered as a base explosive when formulating the multiphase conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy exchanges between the HMX product gases and Al particles. In the current study, a two-phase model is utilized in order to determine the effects of the Al mass fraction in a condensed phase explosive. First, two types of confined rate stick tests are considered to investigate the detonation velocity and the acceleration ability, which refers to the radial expansion velocity of the confinement shell. The simulation results of the confined rate stick test are compared with the experimental data for the Al mass fraction range of 0%–25%, and the optimal Al mass fraction is provided, which is consistent with the experimental observations. Additionally, a series of plate dent test simulations are conducted, the results of which show the same tendency as those of the experimental tests with varying Al mass fractions.
Highlights
Extensive studies for the combustion of Al particles in combustible or reactive gases and in high explosives have been reported in the literature
Since the time scales of the characteristic induction and combustion of high explosives and Al particles differ, the process of energy release behind the leading detonation wave front occurs over an extended period of time
The simulation results of the confined rate stick test are compared with the experimental data for the Al mass fraction range of 0%–25%, and the optimal Al mass fraction is provided, which is consistent with the experimental observations
Summary
Extensive studies for the combustion of Al particles in combustible or reactive gases and in high explosives have been reported in the literature. Chinnayya et al. and Fedina and Fureby reported progress in modeling and simulation of the combustion of aluminum in solid explosives. Numerical analysis of the combustion of Al particles in gas flow has been conducted with a twophase model, which was developed to interpret the behavior of diluted particles in a gas suspension.. The model involves conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy, including interactions between two phases: gas and diluted particles. The two-phase model, formerly developed for gaseous detonation, is reconstructed in order to analyze the effects of the Al mass fraction on the blast performance of the aluminized HMX. A series of plate dent tests is considered for an additional numerical investigation to evaluate the brisance ability of the aluminized HMX
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