Abstract
The mathematical problem of establishing a collision probability distribution is often not trivial. The shape and motion of the animal as well as of the the device must be evaluated in a four-dimensional space (3D motion over time). Earlier work on wind and tidal turbines was limited to a simplified two-dimensional representation, which cannot be applied to many new structures. We present a numerical algorithm to obtain such probability distributions using transient, three-dimensional numerical simulations. The method is demonstrated using a sub-surface tidal kite as an example. Necessary pre- and post-processing of the data created by the model is explained, numerical details and potential issues and limitations in the application of resulting probability distributions are highlighted.
Highlights
The probability of collisions between mobile marine fauna and fixed or moving parts of MRE devices might be relevant for the further development of the MRE sector, and has gathered interest from the scientific community, consultants, regulators and device developers [1, 2]
To demonstrate the application of this numerical model, we present a time step convergence study and three physically plausible changes in operating conditions of the MRE device
We present a numerical method to compute the spatial collision probability distribution for a novel MRE device
Summary
The probability of collisions between mobile marine fauna and fixed or moving parts of MRE devices might be relevant for the further development of the MRE sector, and has gathered interest from the scientific community, consultants, regulators and device developers [1, 2]. Developers have been tasked by regulators to perform continuous monitoring and mitigation measures, including the shut-down of the device if marine megafauna is observed within the vicinity, as was the case for SeaGen, the world’s first tidal turbine to be fully commissioned as a grid connected power plant [3]. These shut-down measures provide safety for the animals, and result in a lack of observations of animal-device interactions [4].
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