A systematic review of multimodal application of quantum dots in breast cancer diagnosis: Effective parameters, status and future perspectives

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is now the greatest common malignancy type among women, and many women die from it each year. Early detection obviously is critical in this disease to effectively treat BC and prevent this tragedy. Among a numerous variety of novel diagnosis techniques that are employed to detect BC, nanoparticles (NPs) due to their superior properties have attracted the researchers’ attention. Various types of NPs, both alone and in conjunction with other methods including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been employed for improving breast cancer diagnosis. The benefits of quantum dot (QD), a novel grouping of NPs with distinctive characteristics in the fields of size, surface modification techniques, optical properties, cellular uptake, and biomedical applications, are discussed in this work. In current review, issued studies concerned with the use of QDs in BC diagnosis were collected in a systematic and comprehensive manner. The QDs hold promise for non-invasive, fast, inexpensive, and precise early BC imaging also detection techniques.