Abstract
Contactless fingerprint biometrics has achieved rapid development in the past decades thanks to its inherent advantages, such as no physical contact between a finger and a sensor, no contamination by latent fingerprints, and more hygienic. These advantages have paved the way for new 2D or 3D contactless fingerprint-based applications and have promoted a larger number of academic publications in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary and important to conduct a comprehensive survey on contactless fingerprint biometric technology, review the latest research findings on 2D and 3D contactless fingerprint recognition systems, and point out the future development direction of contactless fingerprint biometrics. In this work, a comprehensive survey is presented to review the 2D and 3D contactless fingerprint biometrics from four essential aspects: contactless fingerprint capture, fingerprint preprocessing, feature extraction, and template comparison. To serve as a good reference, we provide a well-structured taxonomy about contactless fingerprint biometrics. We also identify related research problems and future research directions.
Highlights
We provide a comprehensive overview on 3D fingerprint recognition systems, especially the 3D fingerprint reconstruction technologies, including stereo vision based methods, structured light scanning based methods, and photometric stereo based methods
We investigated the latest developments of the 2D and 3D contactless fingerprint biometrics and proposed a systematic taxonomy covering the primary components in contactless fingerprint biometrics
We provided a comprehensive overview on contactless fingerprint capture technologies, including 2D contactless fingerprint capture and 3D contactless fingerprint reconstruction
Summary
A Fingerprint is one of the most popular and reliable biometric traits and has been successfully equipped into various applications for identity verification (one-to-one comparison) or identification (one-to-many comparison), such as building access control, mobile products, and contactless payment cards [1], [2]. In forensics and law enforcement, a fingerprint is one of the important biometric traits for identification as a fingerprint is considered to be unique and consistent throughout a person’s life Most of these applications are based on contact fingerprints (such as live-scan and wet-inked fingerprints), where the fingerprint capture process typically requires physical contact between a finger and the surface of a sensor. Through the sensor surface, which poses hygienic and even pandemic risks such as COVID-19 To address these issues raised in the contact fingerprint recognition systems, contactless ones have been proposed in recent years [5]–[15]. Contactless fingerprints captured by high-resolution cameras can provide more details besides the ridges and valleys These major advantages pave the way for new contactless fingerprint-based applications and have inspired a large number of publications in recent years. It is necessary and significant to investigate the contactless fingerprint biometrics to review the latest research results and point out the future development direction of the contactless fingerprint biometrics
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