Abstract
Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) are fatal cardiac diseases associated with cardiac arrest. It is difficult to manually classify VT and VF signals. However, precise classification of VT and VF signals can assist cardiologists to identify and ultimately prevent onset of VF or VT. In this thesis, some of the underlying features which characterize VF and VT are extracted and are used to efficiently classifying these signals. The features are acquired from energy coefficients matrices using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) through application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The features are the vector containing newly generated energy projection coefficients and the vector containing the number of the top 99% principal components (Eigen-Values) for each case. Feature vectors are then passed through Fast Forward Neural Network (FFNN) and Leave One Out Method (LOOM) classifiers for discrimination. The results are then compared for the highest classification results for VF and VT signals.
Highlights
1.1 Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia and its Characteristics (VT/Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)) VentricularTachyarrhythmia is ventricle related diseases caused by higher frequency heart rates
6.1 VF/Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) original and filtered signal samples: is a step by step demonstration of signal sample acquisition, signal preprocessing, and frequency spectrum analysis
FFT of the signals were determined in order to obtain some perspective on the signal behavior; it was observed that a peak Power Spectrum Density (PSD) value was obtained at zero for most of the signals which confirms the appearance of noise in lower frequencies
Summary
Tachyarrhythmia is ventricle related diseases caused by higher frequency heart rates. There are three main categories of VT; Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), Ventricular Flutter (VFl) and Ventricular Fibrillation (VF). The origin of all the categories is in ventricles. In normal heart beat, after blood is transferred from atrium to ventricles, there is a delay of 10th of a second for the Atrio-Ventricular (AV) to polarize and contract the ventricle muscles in order to push blood out of heart. When heart is undergoing VT, AVNode changes its position from Atrium-Ventricle boundary to some random location on the lower section of the ventricle. The new node sends signals faster than normal which causes the ventricles to contract very fast. Episodes lasting at least 30 (s) are called sustained and otherwise nonsustained. Sustained VT can be terminated using anti-tachycardia pacing techniques
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