일본 학교도서관의 지역개방현황과 배치유형에 관한 연구

This research is meant to know the student perception towards facilities of the library of public senior high school I Bantul. The result of this research is expected to enrich the insight of the library studies, especially school library issues. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method. The subject of this research is the users of the library, students of public senior high school 1 Bantul. To achieve validity of the data, the writer uses some techniques of the data collection, namely; observation, documentation, interview, questionnaire, and library study. The result of this research shows that 63,9% of the respondents say that the library facility of public senior high school I Bantul is good. In terms of the building indicator, the respondents said that it is not large. It is similar to the facilities of the library by which the students percieve that they are not sufficent enough. Besides, the student perception towards the aspects of the condition and the arrangement of the facility of the school library is good and appropriate enough. Almost all kinds of library equipment are in good condition, except bag, book, and magazine shelves. Similarly, the arrangement of the library is considerd appropriate enough as 2 two kinds of equipment of the library, bag and magazine shelves, are considered still inappopriate. In order to be able to develop the quality of the library, the writer suggest that the library of the school should improve its facilities, especially the shelves. Apart from that, librarian should pay attention to the facilities.
 
 Keyword: student perception, school library, library facility (facility of the library)

Building and Managing a Local Echo Society

Background: Thailand continues to face a serious long-term problem developing effective school libraries, particularly in rural small public primary schools. Even though the Thai government has developed school library standards and supports many projects to help all schools establish effective libraries, most rural small public primary schools still struggle to improve their libraries enough to reach even the minimum criteria of the standards (Thailand Knowledge park 2011). Thai government and policy makers appear to overlook the special management, guidelines and standards challenges for libraries in rural small public primary schools. The lack of expenditure in Thailand on research and development of rural small public primary school libraries has led to a minimum of related primary data and studies, giving very little indication of ways to improve the quality of those libraries effectively. Objectives and Methods: This research, which aims to explore principals' perceptions of public primary school libraries, library characteristics and effectiveness, employs a research method using questionnaires to survey 375 school principals in 6 regions in Thailand. Survey part 1 requested basic information about principals, their schools and their school libraries. Survey part 2 asked principals to illustrate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and limitations of their school libraries. Survey part 3 was a semantic scale for principals to rate their perceptions about the impact of the school library on students' academic achievement. Both quantitative and qualitative data are used in this research: quantitative data were analysed through 3 analysis techniques including descriptive, cluster and multiple regression; qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis. Findings: This research found that in general small public primary school libraries lack resources for their collections, physical facilities, and staff. Of the 6 regions surveyed, libraries located in the North and Northeast regions face the greatest lack of resources. Principals participating in this study perceive the necessity for an effective administration, sufficient staff and sufficient library physical facilities to overcome the limitations of their libraries. Most principals understood very well the impact that school libraries have on students' academic achievement, particularly in enhancing students' literacy levels. The research also found that principals aged younger than 51 years tended to have more positive perceptions about this impact of libraries on students' academic achievement. Recommendations: At a policy level, the Thai government should urgently equip the small schools in rural areas with Information and Communications Technology (ITC). It needs to reauthorise and modernise the National Education Act 1999 to mandate the importance of the pedagogical role of school libraries and school librarians. Clear library policies are required for both school libraries in general and for the provision of library services in rural small public primary schools. Moreover, the Thai government should assign the Thai Library Association to develop new national school library standards. The Thai government should also acknowledge the role of parents and local community participation in education development. The Thai government should conduct and support research on existing barriers to developing effective education and learning resources in rural small public primary schools. At a practitioner level, principals, teacher librarians and school library stakeholders are crucial for developing effective libraries. Principals need to know and understand the school library standards and the policy related to learning resources development; they also need to be prepared to convert traditional school libraries into modern libraries by integrating ICT in library administration, collections, services, activities and staff. Importantly, principals need to support teacher librarians and staff, enhancing their knowledge and skills in library and information fields; equally, they need to collaborate with school library stakeholders, in both internal and external school communities, to develop effective libraries and to promote and enhance their capacity. Conclusion: This research identified a much-needed foundation for developing an effective library in rural Thailand. Although principals have an important role in directing and managing change in libraries, collaboration among library stakeholders is also a significant factor leading to the development and enhancement of effective school libraries. In the light of this research, the researcher recommends for the Thai government and school library stakeholders pay more attention to and to prioritise dealing with school library issues. The researcher also expects that this research will help build international cross-cultural understanding beyond the school libraries of small public primary schools in rural Thailand, to developing countries more widely. Such knowledge would be beneficial to the Thai government, and to school library communities and stakeholders, both in Thailand and internationally, to establish and develop effective school libraries that lead to educational success.

This paper aims to show the current position of the school librarians in Serbia, including proposals in a way that can be improved. The paper includes reviews of the individual activities of Serbian Associations of School Librarians (SASL), which, from the establishment in 2006 has attempted to empower and gather school librarians, unfortunately, without a success.
 The position of school librarians in Serbia today is often marginalized, but librarians themselves are partly responsible because they have not imposed themselves as leaders of educational- practice in improving the quality of teaching in their schools. The position of school librarians was further exacerbated by the regulations of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, passed in 2015, because they reduced the number of librarians in elementary schools, and in 2018 in secondary schools, too. The basic problem of the state, the negative natural increase and the poor demographic situation, caused a long-term decrease in the number of students, and thus also contributed to the reduction of the number of teachers who became technological surpluses. That problem was often solved by taking several teachers into the school library and given them a part of the librarians' standard. In this way, on one side, we have librarians without too much interest in the work of a school librarian, and on the other we have librarians who have been unemployed. How can, in such working conditions, school librarians in Serbia can be encouraged to work autonomously and interactively, empowered or motivated to improve their own quality of work? Each school librarian should receive concrete testimonies for continuing self-evaluation processes that show, confirm, illustrate and document his weaknesses and shortcomings, but at the same time emphasize the quality and good patterns of the set goals. He needs to see specific needs and create specific conditions in the library in which he works, in order to be able to work more successfully. A school librarian should encourage, exploit, and browse through the media good ideas, visions and strategies in order to popularize the book, reading, the culture of using the library, since creating an active user creates an active consumer of a culture that will always recognize the true value of the book, knowledge, information and libraries. The most important thing is that a school librarian, following the vision that leads to success and recognition, realizes that he needs to gain the trust and reputation on the basis of his continuing work. Part of the recent activities of Serbian Associations of School Librarians stimulates, engages and brings librarians together, working with teachers, parents, members of the local community, activating pupils for reading, as well as researching, expressing and affirming creativity. By strengthening own professional capacities, gathering and empowering, a school librarian should realize that he can transform himself into a leader in the realization of cultural activities, not just in school, but also in the local community, even at the state level. 
 
 Key words: school librarian, extracurricular activities, creativity, cooperation, knowledge quality, marketing of school library

School Libraries Play an Active, Transformational Role in Student Learning and Achievement

School libraries have become vital resources of information that assist pupils, students, and staff in primary, secondary, and other non-tertiary institutions to appropriately respond to their varied information needs. They can be seen as indispensable facilities established with the objective of providing learning resources to enrich curriculum, supplement textbooks and classroom instruction and give users unlimited opportunities for learning. For any school library to remain relevant in this digital age and current climate, it has to be innovative. It has to the concern of parent institutions, “owners” to adopt cutting-age strategies to instill innovation into the management of school libraries. It is obvious that when school libraries receive proper attention from parent institutions, the school library resources, services, facilities, and physical environment, etc will be adequately innovated for desired patronage. This paper presents the conceptual description of school library and its imperatives. Innovation elements and roles of parent institutions in the school library management are highlighted. Implications, tools, and skills for innovation in school library management are extensively examined. The paper reveals factors affecting parent institutions and innovations in school library management. In conclusion, the paper establishes that for school libraries take their pride of place as learning hub, innovation must be embrace with all seriousness and sincerity by all stakeholders, especially the parent institutions. This study recommends among others, adequate funding of public school libraries in Nigeria and retooling of school librarians for effective implementation of innovative strategies.

This article examines and analyzes the role of school libraries in shaping the artistic and emotional worldview of students within the concept of the New Ukrainian School. In today's global educational space, there is a clear trend aimed at transforming school libraries into multiservice interactive centers that are designed to fully meet the growing information needs of users. The purpose of the study is to review and analyze modern creative concepts, principles and approaches of emotional design and informatization in the transformation of school libraries in Ukraine. A literary review of modern Ukrainian and foreign studies devoted to the emotional design and informatization of school library spaces has been made. An analysis of the historical context of the development of school and public libraries in the world and in Ukraine has been carried out. The current state and place of school libraries in the educational process of the New Ukrainian school and in the world have been studied. More than 50% of the principals say that the computers available at schools do not meet the needs of the educational process due to their physical and moral obsolescence. This article analyzes and systematizes the existing modern principles of emotional design of educational spaces on the example of school libraries. Three levels for evaluating and transforming school library space have been considered and analyzed: reflexive, intuitive, and behavioral. Achieving a pleasant successful experience for a student from visiting the school library is ensured by combining these levels. This comprehensive study has allowed to deepen knowledge and highlight a range of new opportunities for the formation of communicative and information environment of school libraries as socio-cultural environments.Modern school libraries within the new Ukrainian school are on the threshold of inevitable transformation processes in accordance with the conditions of the information society and the informatization of all spheres of life.

In this article, we try to investigate the community high schools project policies implemented by current educational units in Taiwan through document analysis and questionnaire survey methods. We also investigate what role the school library should play and what jobs the school library should promote in the point of view of a director of library in a senior high school. We try to conclude operation items which meet the spirits of government’s policies. In the mean time, based on a thinking that the school library should participate in local cultural activities aggressively, we try to investigate further, when the availability of school is extended into local community, what would be the possible cooperative contents and ways between school library and the local community? The research result is going to be used as a reference for future development and operation of school library in senior high school and vocational high school.

<em>Libraries are important facilities in schools. One of the schools that has a library is SD Negeri 2 Pejagoan. Obsviously school libraries are used by students and teachers to support learning. But not all school libraries are well untilized. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of school libraries in SD Negeri 2 Pejagoan. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with data retrieval techniques, interviews, and observations. Extracting data involves there components, they are students, to teachers, and librarians. The results of this study are that the school library in the SD Negeri 2 Pejagoan has been used well. Research indicators are based on the size of the library collection, attendance intensity, and service. The percentages of the library collection 83.2% have been well benefited, while a percentage of attendance at 66.1 percent each day, and 93% of the visitors have been greatly assisted by the service provided by the library. Implementation of this study is to get the school to use the library at maximum.</em>

In today’s educational environment, the library has evolved from a simple repository of books into a dynamic communication platform that facilitates interaction, collaboration, and cultural exchange. This transformation is particularly evident through initiatives such as Bibliofest 2025, which respond to the cultural goals of the school and serve as a hub for communication.Bibliofest is a testament to the power of libraries to foster active participation and dialogue between students, teachers, and the local community. Through a variety of activities, including author talks, workshops, interactive exhibitions, and performances, the library serves as a catalyst for cultural and intellectual interaction. These events provide participants with the opportunity to share ideas, broaden their horizons, and engage in meaningful dialogue.In such settings, libraries become not only places for individual reflection, but also active forums for the exchange of opinions that promote understanding and cooperation among people of different age groups and cultural backgrounds. This strengthens the social structure of school communities, ultimately contributing to the formation of a more cohesive and inclusive society.The article presents the experience of holding a model library event "Bibliofest-2025" as a form of cultural and media communication of the school library with students in the context of anniversary historical dates. Methods of involving children in a dialogue with historical memory through the language of books, symbols and event formats are analyzed.The school library is analyzed as a communication platform that acts as a cultural mediator between generations and an educational and cultural institution. In the process of testing the event, event pedagogy methods were developed and their educational and educational effects were assessed."Bibliofest", dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Victory, was implemented as an event pedagogical model, including interactive stations, media resources and forms of student involvement. The research methods used included pedagogical design, observation, questionnaires and feedback analysis. The article presents the results of the participation of schoolchildren and volunteers, shows the role of the library as a mediator between cultural memory and a modern schoolchild. The importance of the school library as a center of cultural and social activity is emphasized. The practical application of the results is possible within the framework of school cultural projects, museum and library campaigns and integrated lessons of civic and patriotic orientation.

With the unveiling in the United States of the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics that value inquiry, cross-curricular connections, and the use of technology in instruction, school librarians may be best positioned to collaborate with mathematics teachers to instill these practices into mathematics teaching and learning. However, the mathematics curriculum is often perceived as challenging or even impossible for librarians to connect with. Consequently, such collaboration is often not pursued by either party. This paper examines the factors that shape or hinder collaboration between school librarians and mathematics teachers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with mathematics teachers, school librarians, and school leaders in four middle schools in a highly resourced school district in the mid Atlantic region of the United States. We find several factors that influence the nature and opportunities for collaboration, including: perception; comfort with technology; institutional structures; testing pressure; and knowledge about mathematics teaching and learning. Our analysis reveals pivotal transformations that need to take place in order to strengthen the collaborative relationship between these two domains: (1) changes in the perceptions mathematics teachers and school librarians have of each other, and of various aspects of technology integration in mathematics teaching and learning and collaborative relationships; (2) enhanced structural support at the school district level; and (3) enhanced structural support at the school level to support collaboration. By examining the connections and contexts of these emerging themes from our study, we reveal the impact that school librarians can have in mathematics learning in middle schools.

This research aims to describe the stages of learning in the concept of lifelong education, the role of education in lifelong education, building interest in digital literacy in learning, and realizing lifelong education through digital literacy skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. The data used were the results of observations and interviews taken randomly in several primary and secondary schools in the East Lombok district. Data triangulation: observation, interviews, and documentation were used in data collection and data verification. The interactive model was used to analyze the data using data collection, data compaction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are that the stages of the concept of lifelong education do not only occur in formal environments but in informal and non-formal environments. The role of language education in lifelong education is that the more a person studies and learns a language well, the better the cultural principles that will be held. Building interest in digital literacy in language learning by getting used to reading in assignments using electronic equipment. Efforts to realize lifelong education through digital literacy skills by promoting learning independence among fellow community members as a parameter of sustainable social development.
 Keywords: digital literacy, interest in learning, lifelong education

The library is an essential learning resource center for schools. For this reason, every school or madrasa is required to have a library that meets national education standards. Although formal provisions require educational institutions to have a library, many schools do not yet have a library. The development of school libraries, especially elementary schools (SD), is still lacking compared to the middle school, high school, and college libraries, thus giving the impression that SD libraries are marginalized. This study explored the development constraints that led to the marginalization of elementary school libraries in Singaraja, Bali. This research used a qualitative approach in the form of multiple case studies. The data collection techniques were in-depth interviews with appointed informants, total and purposive samples, and snowball sampling. Data analysis in this study followed Peter Berger's model with conceptualization, proof, and objectivation steps. The results indicated that there were several obstacles to the development of elementary school libraries, namely (1) the dadi-dadi dogen ideology adopted by the principal; (2) the teaching and learning process is still teacher-centered; (3) a comprehensive education system; (4) unprofessional librarian; (5) the government is not in favor of the school library management policy; and (6) free school jargon. These findings prove that the general assumption about the constraints on developing school libraries due to limited financial capital is not entirely true. There are other more important factors, namely power relations related to ideology.

The promotion of reading appreciation is one of the many responsibilities of school librarians. Different strategies have been used in elementary and middle school to achieve this, and these strategies need to meet the students’ interests. This article presents the results of a study that was conducted to identify the different strategies elementary and middle school librarians in Puerto Rico are currently using to promote reading appreciation. A total of 24 elementary school librarians and 12 middle school librarians completed a questionnaire. The participants work in public schools located in different cities around the island of Puerto Rico. Through the collected data it was possible to identify and compare the different strategies. Some of the conclusions indicate that school librarians consider Library Week a key activity for the promotion of reading appreciation, and the Internet as a key resource for the implementation of the different activities they design. The conclusions also acknowledge that school librarians face different challenges, the most difficult being collaboration and support from the students’ parents. In general, this study provides useful information to be considered by school librarians, school administrators, and by the Department of Education as a way of identifying what needs to be done in terms of reading appreciation. It also provides school librarians with an overview of important elements that are needed when promoting reading as a key activity in the learning process.

Despite growing interest in the condition of school facilities as a dimension of school finance adequacy, reliable measures of capital stock for large samples of schools are hard to come by. In this article, we offer new methods for (a) measuring the existing capital stock of public schools, (b) defining adequacy in school facilities, and (c) measuring the cost of bringing existing school facilities up to an adequate standard. We apply our procedures to all school districts in Michigan, one of the few states that offers no state aid to local districts for the construction of capital facilities. Our estimates indicate large variations in school buildings and facilities across local communities that are highly correlated with local property wealth. Because we use publicly available data that are recently available for school districts nationwide, these methods can be readily replicated for other states.