Abstract
The aim of this study is to conduct an experimental investigation on the influence of complete replacement of natural coarse aggregate with spherically-shape and crushed waste cathode ray tube (CRT) glass to the aspect of workability, density, and compressive strength of the concrete. After characterizing the glass, a group of concrete mixes was prepared to contain a 40% spherical CRT glass and 60% crushed CRT glass as a complete (100%) replacement of natural coarse aggregates. From a total of 16 types of concrete mixes, the optimum proportion was selected based on its best performance. The test results showed that the use of spherical and crushed glass that possesses a smooth surface, rounded, irregular and elongated shape, and low water absorption affects the workability of concrete. Due to a higher specific gravity of crushed glass, concrete mixes containing CRT glass had a higher density compared to ordinary concrete. Despite the spherical and crushed CRT glass being stronger than gravel, the results revealed a reduction in compressive strength of the concrete. However, using a lower water to binder (w/b) ratio and a higher superplasticizer (SP) dosage, it is found to enhance the compressive strength of 60.97 MPa at 28 days that is lower by 13% than the control specimen. These findings indicate that waste CRT glass in the form of spherical and crushed could be used as an alternative of coarse aggregate that may pave the way for the disposal of hazardous e-waste.
Highlights
cathode ray tube (CRT) glass faces several issues that permit it to be disposed to landfill sites
The spherical glass is considered as gap-graded aggregates as it consists of only one size of coarse aggregate with all the fine aggregates, and cement paste passes through the voids in the concrete mixes
Based on the experimental results, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) Spherical and crushed glass possesses a smooth surface, rounded and irregular shape, elongated shape, a higher density, and less water absorption compared to natural rock as coarse aggregate
Summary
Among the issues are the replacement of new technologies, the high concentration of heavy metals, non-biodegradable nature of the CRT glass and their limited life in the forms in which they are produced [1], [2]. Past studies have extensively investigated the use of waste CRT glass as a replacement of natural resources in the production of mortar and concrete [4]-[9]. Past studies indicated that the crushing of glass into a size smaller than 4.75 mm for use as a fine aggregate at various percentage replacements up to 100% has shown that the strength exceeds the control sample [4], [7], [10], [11]. It is mainly due to the smoothness of the glass surface that weakens the bonding between aggregate and cement paste
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