A Study of Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Introduction: Echocardiographic abnormalities are very common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and a wide spectrum of abnormalities are noted. In order to prevent mortality, periodic echocardiographic examination for early diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities and initiation of treatment is very important. Cardiac structural changes and altered function detected by echocardiography are common in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) before commencing haemodialysis and it is also noticed as one of the important key outcome predictors. The heart and kidney are inevitably linked with haemodynamic and regulatory functions. Aims and Objectives: The aim was to study the prevalence of left ventricular abnormalities by echocardiography in patients with chronic kidney disease and to find out the correlation of left ventricular abnormalities and 2D echo indices with the severity of chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods:The study was conducted in theDepartment of Medicine, Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College, Salem, Tamil Nadu. 100 patients were included in the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was a cross-sectional study conducted from February 2020 to April 2021. Results And Conclusion: The most common aetiology found with CKD was diabetes mellitus followed by hypertension which, in turn, was followed by obstructive uropathy and NSAID use. Among the study participants, only 20% had systolic dysfunction and only 28% had diastolic dysfunction. 72% of the study participants showed LVH and 28% had normal findings. A negative correlation was observed between systolic grading and CKD categories. No correlation was observed in our study between diastolic grading and CKD categories.