A Study of Crinio-facial Measurement (Biparietal Diameter) of Fetus by Ultrasonography in Different Age Group of The Tribal Population of Jharkhand

Abstract

Introduction: The pregnancy cannot be dated accurately by clinical evaluation alone. Sonography is a useful and an accurate tool for estimation of the gestational age. Biparietal diameter is one the robust method of the basic biometric parameter used to assess fetal size and age. Aims and objective: The aim of this study was to collect data on craniofacial measurement of fetuses of the different age group by Ultrasonography at RIMS, Ranchi and to correlate its relationship with the different fetal age group. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 100 pregnant women who gave definite history of their last menstrual period and 100 pregnant women who were not able to give definite history of their last menstrual period, in the tribal population of Jharkhand. The cases were selected from antenatal clinic of out-patients department of obstetrics and gynecology of RIMS, Ranchi. The ultrasonography was done by Dept of Radiology, RIMS, Ranchi. Discussion: In obstetrics the duration of pregnancy is calculated by the first day of the last menstrual period at present study standard variation of gestation age base on L M P when the pregnancy cannot be date accurately alone by clinical evaluation alone. Sonography is accepted as the most useful and accurate tool for estimating gestational age. BPD diameter was measured by ultrasonography and along with clinical findings, average gestational age was determined. Conclusion: Sonography is accepted as the most useful and accurate tool for estimating gestational age in those pregnant women who were not able to give definitive history of last menstrual period. Our study showed that the Growth rate of fetal BPD increases progressively as the fetal age increase in early weeks of pregnancy whereas growth is slow in later weeks of pregnancy, our study also showed that measurement of Biparietal diameter is a useful criterion to predict GA & determining EDD. KEY WORD: Pregnancy, Gestational age (GA), Biparietal diameter (BPD), Ultrasonography (USG), Expected date of delivery (EDD).