A study of anaerobic working capacity and psychoemotional state in wrestlers

We examined aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in 17 subjects with cystic fibrosis (CF) (age 25+/-10 [SD] yr; 47% females; FEV1 62+/-21% pred) and 17 age- and sex-matched control subjects (age 25+/-8 [SD] yr; 41% females; FEV1 112+/-15% pred) in relation to pulmonary function and nutritional status. Aerobic capacity was determined as maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) (ml/kg/min) and anaerobic threshold (AT; ml VO2/kg/min) from a graded exercise stress test on an electronically braked bicycle ergometer. Anaerobic performance was assessed from the average work of two bouts of pedaling to exhaustion at a load corresponding to 130% Vo2max from graded exercise. Both aerobic and anaerobic performances were decreased in subjects with CF (p < 0.001). The duration of anaerobic exercise in subjects with CF was similar to control subjects. In control subjects, pulmonary function did not correlate to aerobic or anaerobic exercise. In subjects with CF significant relationships between FEV1, vital capacity, and FEF25-75% to AT were found, suggesting the pulmonary limitation to aerobic capacity. In both patients with CF and control subjects, lean body mass and arm muscle area significantly correlated with anaerobic performance but not with VO2max or AT. We conclude that nutritional status, rather than pulmonary function, is the major determinant of anaerobic exercise capacity in CF. The preserved duration of anaerobic exercise at equivalent workloads (corresponding to 130% of VO2max from graded exercise) suggests that readily available energy stores in muscle may be similar in CF and normal individuals.

With increasing age, it appears that masters athletes competing in anaerobic events (10–100 s) decline linearly in performance until 70 years of age, after which the rate of decline appears to accelerate. This decline in performance appears strongly related to a decreased anaerobic work capacity, which has been observed in both sedentary and well-trained older individuals. Previously, a number of factors have been suggested to influence anaerobic work capacity including gender, muscle mass, muscle fiber type, muscle fiber size, muscle architecture and strength, substrate availability, efficiency of metabolic pathways, accumulation of reaction products, aerobic energy contribution, heredity, and physical training. The effects of sedentary aging on these factors have been widely discussed within literature. Less data are available on the changes in these factors in masters athletes who have continued to train at high intensities with the aim of participating in competition. The available research has reported that these masters athletes still demonstrate age-related changes in these factors. Specifically, it appears that morphological (decreased muscle mass, type II muscle fiber atrophy), muscle contractile property (decreased rate of force development), and biochemical changes (changes in enzyme activity, decreased lactate production) may explain the decreased anaerobic performance in masters athletes. However, the reduction in anaerobic work capacity and subsequent performance may largely be the result of physiological changes that are an inevitable result of the aging process, although their effects may be minimized by continuing specific high-intensity resistance or sprint training.

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that sodium bicarbonate ingestion may enhance high-intensity exercise performance and cause severe gastrointestinal distress. However, enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate may reduce gastrointestinal symptoms of sodium bicarbonate after oral administration. This remains to be confirmed. This study aimed to verify the effects of serial and acute enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation on anaerobic performance, physiological profile, and metabolomics in healthy young men.MethodsHealthy young males (n = 12) ingested 0.2 g/kg body mass of enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate (ES) in serial enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate (SES, continuous ES supplementation for 5 days) and acute enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate (AES, acute ES supplementation before exercise) or a placebo (PL) in a randomized crossover design. After each supplement protocol, the participants completed four Wingate anaerobic tests (WAT). The first three Wingate tests (testing anaerobic capacity) were performed with a 5-min passive recovery between each. After the third Wingate test, participants were required to complete a 50-min recovery followed by a fourth WAT test (testing the recovery of anaerobic capacity after 50-min intervals). Blood lactate (BLA), heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured in all conditions during the test, as was the subjective gastrointestinal–symptoms assessment questionnaire (GSAQ). Mean power (MP) and peak power (PP) were recorded after four WATs. Urine samples were collected before the test and 50 min after the 3rd WAT.ResultsSerial enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation improved anaerobic capacity in the third bout of WATs, as observed based on an increase in mean power (SES vs. PL (613 ± 57 vs. 542 ± 64 W), P = 0.024) and peak power (SES vs. PL (1,071 ± 149 vs. 905 ± 150 W), P = 0.016). Acute ES supplementation did not affect anaerobic capacity. The occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms after enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation was minimal and no difference compared to placebo in the current study. In particular, serial enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation had no gastrointestinal side effects before the test. The AES and SES groups had a trivial effect on blood lactate compared to the PLA group. There was no significant difference in HR and RPE among the three groups. Based on targeted metabolomics analysis, the 50 min after the third WAT, the levels of lactate (P < 0.001), L-Malic acid (P < 0.05), and oxaloacetate (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the SES group than in the PL group. Compared with the AES group, the levels of lactate and fumarate in the SES group were significantly increased (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study indicates that serial enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation positively improves anaerobic performance among healthy young men. However, acute ingestion of enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate did not improve anaerobic exercise performance. Either with serial or acute supplementation doses, enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate produced fewer gastrointestinal symptoms and no difference compared to placebo, especially with no gastrointestinal side effects after serial supplementation. Serial and acute supplementation of enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate might tend to promote lactate clearance. Furthermore, serial enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate ingestion may cause changes in the metabolism of lactate, L-Malic acid, oxaloacetate, and fumarate 50 min after exercise, which presumably may promote the tricarboxylic acid cycle and lactate clearance.

IntroductionAnaerobic tests are divided into tests which measure anaerobic power and capacity (Vandewalle et al., 1987). The anaerobic capacity tests can be classified according to whether they attempt to quantify anaerobic performance, or provide a work estimation of anaerobic capacity (Gastin, 1994). Currently, the Wingate Anaerobic (WAnT) is considered to be the most reliable and valid test and it is used in a number of laboratories and in a variety of sports for the evaluation of the muscle power generation during short term exhaustive exercise. The classification of the WAnT as an anaerobic test has been based on indirect assessments concerning the contribution of anaerobic energy metabolism in performance and it includes reports of oxygen deficits and oxygen debt (Inbar et al., 1996), blood lactate concentration (Bar-Or, 1987) and muscle lactate concentrations (Jacobs et al., 1993).The anaerobic capacity tests are subdivided into maximal oxygen debt test and all-out constant load tests (Simoneau et al., 1983). However, there are discrepancies in the literature regarding the measurement of the anaerobic capacity. Most of the tests that are designed to measure the characteristics of the anaerobic performance are time dependent. These tests were extensively used in order to evaluate the anaerobic capacity of the involved muscle groups. However, the duration of the tests has generally been based upon the belief that maximum lactate production can be achieved within 40s time period (Margaria et al., 1964).During the last decades a number of sport specific anaerobic field tests have been developed (Borsetto et al., 1989; Wragg et al., 2000; Thomas et al., 2002). However, parameters such as wind velocity, ambient temperature and humidity as well as the track conditions are likely to differentiate the athletes' optimum performance in the field tests.The new method suggested for the evaluation of the anaerobic performance in adults would not necessarily be conducted by experienced personnel, it was rigidly controlled in administration and it was not limited by external influences such as the testing surface, the type of shoes or the possible error in the time taken. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity of easy to administer testing method, which could be used in order to evaluate the neuromuscular as well as the metabolic determinants of anaerobic performance in healthy and physically active young adults. Thus, this research's hypothesis was based on the fact that the proposed testing method for the assessment of the anaerobic performance is valid and accurate.Materials and MethodsTest DescriptionThe proposed method for the evaluation of the anaerobic performance was based on the speed and agility training Skipping Paw Drill (a repetitive muscular activity from the legs), which has been applied in a variety of sports such as athletics, soccer, handball, basketball and tennis. The new field test named Skipping Test (SkipTest) requires only a small vertical displacement of the subject's body center of gravity. From a high knee position, the testing purpose was to lower the foot in order to hit the ground with the ball of the foot and get it up as quickly as possible. In turn, the foot's effort from the ground should bounce the leg up into the high knee position parallel to the ground. The hands are supported and fixed on the wall or in a handle bar with the arms in 120o flexion of forearms while the head must be in upright position with the trunk angle in about of 45o (Figure 1).The subject was instructed to move his leg as fast and often as he could during the 30s time-period of the test. The resistance loading during the SkipTest was the 1.5% of the subject's body mass and was applied with ankle weights which were fastened around the lower calves of the subjects' legs. The counting of the foot contacts and the timing of the test started with the first contact of the dominant leg on the ground. …

BackgroundIt has been demonstrated that acute GPLC supplementation produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate production in resistance trained males. However, it is not known what effects chronic GPLC supplementation has on anaerobic performances or lactate clearance.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the long-term effects of different dosages of GPLC supplementation on repeated high intensity stationary cycle sprint performance.MethodsForty-five resistance trained men participated in a double-blind, controlled research study. All subjects completed two testing sessions, seven days apart, 90 minutes following oral ingestion of either 4.5 grams GPLC or 4.5 grams cellulose (PL), in randomized order. The exercise testing protocol consisted of five 10-second Wingate cycle sprints separated by 1-minute active recovery periods. Following completion of the second test session, the 45 subjects were randomly assigned to receive 1.5 g, 3.0 g, or 4.5 g GPLC per day for a 28 day period. Subjects completed a third test session following the four weeks of GPLC supplementation using the same testing protocol. Values of peak power (PP), mean power (MP) and percent decrement of power (DEC) were determined per bout and standardized relative to body mass. Heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (LAC) were measured prior to, during and following the five sprint bouts.ResultsThere were no significant effects of condition or significant interaction effects detected for PP and MP. However, results indicated that sprint bouts three, four and five produced 2 - 5% lower values of PP and 3 - 7% lower values of MP with GPLC at 3.0 or 4.5 g per day as compared to baseline values. Conversely, 1.5 g GPLC produced 3 - 6% higher values of PP and 2 -5% higher values of MP compared with PL baseline values. Values of DEC were significantly greater (15-20%) greater across the five sprint bouts with 3.0 g or 4.5 g GPLC, but the 1.5 g GPLC supplementation produced DEC values -5%, -3%, +4%, +5%, and +2% different from the baseline PL values. The 1.5 g group displayed a statistically significant 24% reduction in net lactate accumulation per unit power output (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe effects of GPLC supplementation on anaerobic work capacity and lactate accumulation appear to be dosage dependent. Four weeks of GPLC supplementation at 3.0 and 4.5 g/day resulted in reduced mean values of power output with greater rates of DEC compared with baseline while 1.5 g/day produced higher mean values of MP and PP with modest increases of DEC. Supplementation of 1.5 g/day also produced a significantly lower rate of lactate accumulation per unit power output compared with 3.0 and 4.5 g/day. In conclusion, GPLC appears to be a useful dietary supplement to enhance anaerobic work capacity and potentially sport performance, but apparently the dosage must be determined specific to the intensity and duration of exercise.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of additional package of aerobic, anaerobic and strength training (AAS training), along with the conventional judo specific training, on autonomic nervous system balance, anaerobic capacity, exercise adaptation, phenotype of different blood mononuclear cells and cellular inflammatory signalling of university judo athletes. Thirty male judokas were randomly allocated to a control group/conventional judo specific training group (performing Uchi-komi, Nage komi, and Randori) or to an experimental group/conventional judo specific training + additional AAS training group. Physiological data including recovery ANS variables and anaerobic capacity were obtained by using wireless heart rate variability and anaerobic cycle ergometer, respectively, at two different time points (T1-pre, T3-post). Serum and primary mononuclear cells were prepared at three different time points (T1-pre, T2-acute, T3-post) and processed further as per the experimental requirement. For measuring the expression level of genes, and proteins biomarkers related to immune health, we have performed advanced qPCR array technique, flow cytometry, ELISA and zymosan-fluorescein assays. The additional training modality enhanced athletes’ anaerobic performance, parasympathetic functioning, and exercise adaptation. On the other hand, it decreased fatigue index, stress index, number of reactive immune cells, and intensity of inflammatory signalling. Overall, the present study, for the very first time, exhibited the positive effect of four weeks long additional AAS training on autonomic functioning, anaerobic capacity, and immune cell homeostasis of male judo athletes. This additional training package might also help the judo coaches to optimise training schedule for the competitive session.

This paper explores the influence of different nutrient intakes on anaerobic exercise, focusing on activities that require short bursts of intense effort and power. The impact of nutrition on anaerobic exercise performance is a significant area of interest for athletes and fitness enthusiasts. Understanding how different nutrient intakes affect anaerobic performance can help optimize training outcomes and overall athletic success. This paper comprehensively analyzes the effects of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals on anaerobic exercise performance. It provides evidence-based recommendations to enhance anaerobic performance, inform training strategies, and optimize nutrient intake for individuals engaged in high-intensity activities. Adequate carbohydrate intake supports high-intensity efforts, while protein intake aids muscle repair and growth. Healthy fat consumption provides supplemental energy during prolonged activities. Vitamins and minerals play crucial roles in energy metabolism and muscle function. Strategic nutrient intake before, during, and after anaerobic exercise can maximize performance potential and overall anaerobic capacity. Further research can explore personalized nutrient recommendations based on individual athlete profiles and specific anaerobic exercise goals. This paper's findings contribute valuable insights to the fields of sports nutrition and exercise science, assisting athletes, trainers, and coaches in optimizing dietary choices and enhancing anaerobic exercise performance.

BackgroundA randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel design study was used to examine the effects of a pre-workout supplement combined with three weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on aerobic and anaerobic running performance, training volume, and body composition.MethodsTwenty-four moderately-trained recreational athletes (mean ± SD age = 21.1 ± 1.9 yrs; stature = 172.2 ± 8.7 cm; body mass = 66.2 ± 11.8 kg, VO2max = 3.21 ± 0.85 l·min-1, percent body fat = 19.0 ± 7.1%) were assigned to either the active supplement (GT, n = 13) or placebo (PL, n = 11) group. The active supplement (Game Time®, Corr-Jensen Laboratories Inc., Aurora, CO) was 18 g of powder, 40 kcals, and consisted of a proprietary blend including whey protein, cordyceps sinensis, creatine, citrulline, ginseng, and caffeine. The PL was also 18 g of powder, 40 kcals, and consisted of only maltodextrin, natural and artificial flavors and colors. Thirty minutes prior to all testing and training sessions, participants consumed their respective supplements mixed with 8-10 oz of water. Both groups participated in a three-week HIIT program three days per week, and testing was conducted before and after the training. Cardiovascular fitness (VO2max) was assessed using open circuit spirometry (Parvo-Medics TrueOne® 2400 Metabolic Measurement System, Sandy, UT) during graded exercise tests on a treadmill (Woodway, Pro Series, Waukesha, WI). Also, four high-speed runs to exhaustion were conducted at 110, 105, 100, and 90% of the treadmill velocity recorded during VO2max, and the distances achieved were plotted over the times-to-exhaustion. Linear regression was used to determine the slopes (critical velocity, CV) and y-intercepts (anaerobic running capacity, ARC) of these relationships to assess aerobic and anaerobic performances, respectively. Training volumes were tracked by summing the distances achieved during each training session for each subject. Percent body fat (%BF) and lean body mass (LBM) were assessed with air-displacement plethysmography (BOD POD®, Life Measurement, Inc., Concord, CA).ResultsBoth GT and PL groups demonstrated a significant (p = 0.028) increase in VO2max from pre- to post-training resulting in a 10.3% and 2.9% improvement, respectively. CV increased (p = 0.036) for the GT group by 2.9%, while the PL group did not change (p = 0.256; 1.7% increase). ARC increased for the PL group by 22.9% and for the GT group by 10.6%. Training volume was 11.6% higher for the GT versus PL group (p = 0.041). %BF decreased from 19.3% to 16.1% for the GT group and decreased from 18.0% to 16.8% in the PL group (p = 0.178). LBM increased from 54.2 kg to 55.4 kg (p = 0.035) for the GT group and decreased from 52.9 kg to 52.4 kg in the PL group (p = 0.694).ConclusionThese results demonstrated improvements in VO2max, CV, and LBM when GT is combined with HIIT. Three weeks of HIIT alone also augmented anaerobic running performance, VO2max and body composition.

Numerous functional measures related to anaerobic performance display daily variation. The diversity of tests and protocols used to assess anaerobic performance related to diurnal effects and the lack of a standardized approach have hindered agreement in the literature. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate and systematically review the evidence relating to time-of-day differences in anaerobic performance measures. The entire content of PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, SPORTDiscus® (via EBSCOhost) and Web of Science and multiple electronic libraries were searched. Only experimental research studies conducted in male adult participants aged ≥ 18 yrs before May 2021 were included. Studies assessing tests related to anaerobic capacity or anaerobic power between a minimum of two time-points during the day (morning vs evening) were deemed eligible. The primary search revealed that a total of 55 out of 145 articles were considered eligible and subsequently included. Thirty-nine studies assessed anaerobic power and twenty-five anaerobic capacity using different modes of exercise and test protocols. Forty-eight studies found several of their performance variables to display time-of-day effects, with higher values in the evening than the morning, while seven studies did not find any time-of-day significance in any variables which were assessed. The magnitude of difference is dependent on the modality and the exercise protocol used. Performance measures for anaerobic power found jump tests displayed 2.7 to 12.3% differences, force velocity tests ~8% differences, sprint tests 2.7 to 11.3% differences and 5-m multiple shuttle run tests 3.7 to 13.1% differences in favour of the evening. Performance measures for anaerobic capacity found Wingate test to display 1.8 to 11.7% differences and repeated sprint tests to display 3.4 to 10.2% differences. The only test not to display time-of-day differences was the running based anaerobic sprint test (RAST). Time-of-day variations in anaerobic performance has previously been partially explained by higher core-body and/or muscle temperature and better muscle contractile properties in the afternoon, although recent findings suggest that differences in methodology, motivation/arousal, habitual training times and chronotypes could provide additional explanations. There is a clear demand for a rigorous, standardised approach to be adopted by future investigations which control factors that specifically relate to investigations of time-of-day.

Hydration is one of the most significant issues for combat sports as athletes often use water restriction for quick weight loss before competition. It appears that alkaline water can be an effective alternative to sodium bicarbonate in preventing the effects of exercise-induced metabolic acidosis. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to investigate, in a double blind, placebo controlled randomized study, the impact of mineral-based highly alkaline water on acid-base balance, hydration status, and anaerobic capacity. Sixteen well trained combat sport athletes (n = 16), were randomly divided into two groups; the experimental group (EG; n = 8), which ingested highly alkaline water for three weeks, and the control group (CG; n = 8), which received regular table water. Anaerobic performance was evaluated by two double 30 s Wingate tests for lower and upper limbs, respectively, with a passive rest interval of 3 minutes between the bouts of exercise. Fingertip capillary blood samples for the assessment of lactate concentration were drawn at rest and during the 3rd min of recovery. In addition, acid-base equilibrium and electrolyte status were evaluated. Urine samples were evaluated for specific gravity and pH. The results indicate that drinking alkalized water enhances hydration, improves acid-base balance and anaerobic exercise performance.

The study purpose was to examine the anaerobic and aerobic performance and also determine the influence of the anaerobic performance on specific movements during a match-play. Materials and methods. A total of 12 Indonesian professional female players from Bandung district female futsal club were recruited and enrolled to participate in this study. They were required to complete one familiarization and two experimental sessions. During the first session (laboratory test), all players performed a treadmill test to ascertain their maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) and a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) to measure their anaerobic performance. For the second session (on-court test), the participants played a simulated match on the court. A training team of 5 experts carried out an investigation regarding each player’s competitive performance per match. Furthermore, the blood lactate concentration and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) were assessed in the pre- and post-test for both sessions, which were separated by a week to enable the players to recover. Results. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean power (MP) and fatigue index (FI) (p = 0.425, p = 0.938, respectively) for anaerobic performance using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), although, the MP and FI of team C was lower compared to A and B. Furthermore, the total number of failed passes and shot off target of team C was larger compared to B and A (for failed passes = 30 vs 20 vs 25, for shot off target 14 vs 13 vs 8). Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that there are strong associations between anaerobic capacity and explosive movements (shooting, tackling, heading and passing) among female futsal players.

Individual development depends not only on inherent qualities but also on the effective influence of the environment. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of variable intensity as partially regulated physical loads which are appropriate for sports games performances and cyclic nature as strictly regulated physical loads which is appropriate for cyclic sports events on the dynamics of muscular, cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS). The contingent of this study was 70 boys of 11—14 years of age: cyclic sports events (track and field athletes) and sports games athletes (basketball, volleyball, football players) were tested for four years. The following methods were used: Tapping test, Roufier exercise test, vertical jump test, 30 s maximal jumping test, measurements of ABP, electrocardiography, dynamometry, measurements of the body mass components. Sports games athletes were superior over cyclic sports events athletes taking into account CNS mobility, anaerobic efficiency and anaerobic work capacity. Evaluating boys’ motor abilities (performing vertical jump and 30 s maximal jumping test), it was observed that these indices were improving with age in both sports games athletes and cyclic sports events athletes groups, but they did not vary statistically significantly among each other. Evaluating the indices of muscle power by dynamometry measurements, it was determined that cyclic sports events had greater influence on muscle power. These results show that 11—14 year-old boys are still developing and are not mature. Long-time research of body components revealed that body fat decreased with age and active body mass and total body liquid mass increased with age, but in case of sports games athletes and cyclic sports events athletes, they did not vary. Sports games athletes were characterized as having lower HR values than cyclic sports events athletes, though during all investigation statistically significant differences were observed in 13 year-old group. Statistically significant differences were found evaluating JT interval data. The development rate of muscular, cardiovascular system and performance abilities of CNS increase under the influence of variable intensity of physical load which is appropriate for sports games in contrast to cyclic sports events, which is an essential external factor at the age of 11—13. Decisive influence of endogenous factors on growth and development of boys significantly increases at the age of 13—14 years due to the changes of cardiovascular system, and CNS indices accelerate.Keywords: cardiovascular system, central nervous system, cyclic sports, sports games.

Anaerobic and aerobic performance is impaired in PCD from the early stages. Age determines anaerobic performance. Gender is the determinant of aerobic performance. Whether skeletal muscle characteristics and sex-related changes in body composition affect anaerobic and aerobic capacity in PCD children warrants further study. What is Known: • Exercise performance is determined by anaerobic and aerobic power. • Few studies have shown that PCD patients have lower aerobic performance which is associated with impaired lung function. What is New: • The present research indicated that both anaerobic and aerobic exercise capacity determined using field testing is impaired in PCD from the early stages. • Anaerobic capacity was found to be independently associated with age in PCD. Higher aerobic performance is independently associated with male gender.

Is there any correlation between anaerobic performance and vertical jump height in female volleyball athletes?

BackgroundAlthough progressive core stabilization training (PCST) improves sport-specific abilities, the effects of PCST on anaerobic performance and fatigue are still unclear today. Therefore, this prospective, single-blind (blinded: athletes, using placebo intervention), randomized (using random selection method) controlled study aimed to investigate the presence of these effects in elite athletes.MethodsAthletes were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30, 21.70 ± 2.71 years) and control (n = 28, 21.71 ± 2.49 years) groups in this study. While standard core strengthening exercises (SCSE) (3 days/week for a total of 9 weeks) were given to the control group, PCST (3 days/week for a total of 9 weeks) was applied to the intervention group. Anaerobic capacity, anaerobic power, and fatigue index were evaluated using 30-second (s) Wingate Anaerobic Power test and vertical jump tests. The intra-group and inter-group changes in anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, fatigue index, and jump variables were shown using Paired Sample T Test and Independent-Samples T Test, respectively.ResultsAfter a 9-week training, while intra-group difference (Δ) values before and after interventions for maximum anaerobic power, maximum anaerobic capacity, anaerobic power between 0 and 5 s, anaerobic capacity between 0 and 30 s, anaerobic power values at the 5th (effect size d: 0.67), 10th and 15th sec, and vertical countermovement jump (effect size d: 0.54) increased significantly more in the intervention group compared to control group, Δ values for anaerobic power at the 20th and 25th sec increased significantly in control group compared to intervention group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in Δ values for minimum anaerobic power, 30th sec anaerobic power, fatigue index and vertical squat jump between groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsPCST appears to be more effective than SCSE in enhancing anaerobic capacity and early-phase anaerobic power in elite athletes. While SCSE contributes to improvements in anaerobic power during the later stages of the Wingate test, PCST provides broader and more functionally relevant gains across key performance metrics. Therefore, PCST should be prioritized and integrated into athletic training programs aimed at improving overall anaerobic performance and optimizing athletic potential in elite athletes in taekwondo, weightlifting, volleyball, and badminton.Clinical trail trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered as a clinical trial with registration number NCT06042374 on 30/08/2023.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-025-01283-3.