Abstract

Based on cold metal transfer (CMT) welding, wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology was adopted to manufacture 2Cr13 part. The spatial periodicity of the microstructural evolution and the anti-indentation properties was explored. The results show that the as-deposited part was featured by periodic martensite laths within the block-shaped ferrite matrix in the inner layers, followed by epitaxial ferrite grains containing ultra-fine acicular martensite in the top layer only. A slightly decreased Fe intensity was caused by local elemental segregation during the re-melting process; the homogeneity of Fe and Cr was attributed to similar cooling conditions in the top layer. The martensite size gradually coarsened from the fine grain zone to the coarse grain zone and the shape transformed correspondingly from irregularly short bar-like to orderly long rod-like due to the location-related thermal history. Elongated ferrite grains exhibited a slight fiber texture in the top layer and a random crystallographic orientation in the middle region. The anti-indentation properties evolved periodically due to the periodic microstructural characteristics. The obtained experimental results confirmed higher anti-indentation properties of the as-deposited part following comparison with the as-annealed base metal, while the elastic moduli of samples were not significantly different.

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