Abstract

This article examines the Institute of Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union as a Soviet think tank that provided expertise and academic input to political and administrative institutions. The discipline of Soviet ethnography was also an applied social science that adapted its fields of research and methods to changing political demands. Although ethnographers worked within the limits of the political discourse, they opposed certain policies that they considered wrong. The escalating ethnic and national conflicts of the late 1980s increased the demand for ethnological and socio-ethnological expertise. However, as part of the system, Soviet ethnography was institutionally and conceptually unprepared to provide proper solutions.

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